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diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1c37e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+[package]
+name = "iris"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Freya Murphy <contact@freyacat.org>"]
+edition = "2021"
+description = "A locking plugin manager for vim"
+license-file = "LICENSE"
+
+[lints.rust]
+unsafe_code = "forbid"
+
+[lints.clippy]
+all = "warn"
+nursery = "warn"
+
+[dependencies]
+dirs = "5"
+env_logger = "0.11.6"
+git2 = "0.20"
+log = "0.4"
+serde = "1"
+thiserror = "2"
+toml = "0.8"
+url = "2"
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a04128
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+                   GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+
+  This version of the GNU Lesser General Public License incorporates
+the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
+License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
+
+  0. Additional Definitions.
+
+  As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
+General Public License.
+
+  "The Library" refers to a covered work governed by this License,
+other than an Application or a Combined Work as defined below.
+
+  An "Application" is any work that makes use of an interface provided
+by the Library, but which is not otherwise based on the Library.
+Defining a subclass of a class defined by the Library is deemed a mode
+of using an interface provided by the Library.
+
+  A "Combined Work" is a work produced by combining or linking an
+Application with the Library.  The particular version of the Library
+with which the Combined Work was made is also called the "Linked
+Version".
+
+  The "Minimal Corresponding Source" for a Combined Work means the
+Corresponding Source for the Combined Work, excluding any source code
+for portions of the Combined Work that, considered in isolation, are
+based on the Application, and not on the Linked Version.
+
+  The "Corresponding Application Code" for a Combined Work means the
+object code and/or source code for the Application, including any data
+and utility programs needed for reproducing the Combined Work from the
+Application, but excluding the System Libraries of the Combined Work.
+
+  1. Exception to Section 3 of the GNU GPL.
+
+  You may convey a covered work under sections 3 and 4 of this License
+without being bound by section 3 of the GNU GPL.
+
+  2. Conveying Modified Versions.
+
+  If you modify a copy of the Library, and, in your modifications, a
+facility refers to a function or data to be supplied by an Application
+that uses the facility (other than as an argument passed when the
+facility is invoked), then you may convey a copy of the modified
+version:
+
+   a) under this License, provided that you make a good faith effort to
+   ensure that, in the event an Application does not supply the
+   function or data, the facility still operates, and performs
+   whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful, or
+
+   b) under the GNU GPL, with none of the additional permissions of
+   this License applicable to that copy.
+
+  3. Object Code Incorporating Material from Library Header Files.
+
+  The object code form of an Application may incorporate material from
+a header file that is part of the Library.  You may convey such object
+code under terms of your choice, provided that, if the incorporated
+material is not limited to numerical parameters, data structure
+layouts and accessors, or small macros, inline functions and templates
+(ten or fewer lines in length), you do both of the following:
+
+   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the object code that the
+   Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
+   covered by this License.
+
+   b) Accompany the object code with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
+   document.
+
+  4. Combined Works.
+
+  You may convey a Combined Work under terms of your choice that,
+taken together, effectively do not restrict modification of the
+portions of the Library contained in the Combined Work and reverse
+engineering for debugging such modifications, if you also do each of
+the following:
+
+   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the Combined Work that
+   the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
+   covered by this License.
+
+   b) Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
+   document.
+
+   c) For a Combined Work that displays copyright notices during
+   execution, include the copyright notice for the Library among
+   these notices, as well as a reference directing the user to the
+   copies of the GNU GPL and this license document.
+
+   d) Do one of the following:
+
+       0) Convey the Minimal Corresponding Source under the terms of this
+       License, and the Corresponding Application Code in a form
+       suitable for, and under terms that permit, the user to
+       recombine or relink the Application with a modified version of
+       the Linked Version to produce a modified Combined Work, in the
+       manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL for conveying
+       Corresponding Source.
+
+       1) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
+       Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (a) uses at run time
+       a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
+       system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
+       of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
+       Version.
+
+   e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
+   be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
+   GNU GPL, and only to the extent that such information is
+   necessary to install and execute a modified version of the
+   Combined Work produced by recombining or relinking the
+   Application with a modified version of the Linked Version. (If
+   you use option 4d0, the Installation Information must accompany
+   the Minimal Corresponding Source and Corresponding Application
+   Code. If you use option 4d1, you must provide the Installation
+   Information in the manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL
+   for conveying Corresponding Source.)
+
+  5. Combined Libraries.
+
+  You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
+Library side by side in a single library together with other library
+facilities that are not Applications and are not covered by this
+License, and convey such a combined library under terms of your
+choice, if you do both of the following:
+
+   a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based
+   on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities,
+   conveyed under the terms of this License.
+
+   b) Give prominent notice with the combined library that part of it
+   is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the
+   accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
+
+  6. Revised Versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
+
+  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the GNU Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new
+versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
+differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
+
+  Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+Library as you received it specifies that a certain numbered version
+of the GNU Lesser General Public License "or any later version"
+applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
+conditions either of that published version or of any later version
+published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library as you
+received it does not specify a version number of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+  If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide
+whether future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall
+apply, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is
+permanent authorization for you to choose that version for the
+Library.
diff --git a/rustfmt.toml b/rustfmt.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52e6f5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rustfmt.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+hard_tabs = true
+tab_spaces = 4
+max_width = 80
+
+use_field_init_shorthand = true
+
+
diff --git a/src/error.rs b/src/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65e7aff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+//! Definition of an iris [error][Error].
+
+use std::fmt;
+use std::io;
+
+macro_rules! error {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        $crate::error::Error::new(format!($($arg)*))
+    };
+}
+
+pub(crate) use error;
+
+/// Errors that can occur in iris
+#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+	/// Occurs when a file could not be read, or could not be written to.
+	#[error(transparent)]
+	Io(#[from] io::Error),
+	/// Occurs when an error was raised from the local git repository
+	#[error(transparent)]
+	Git(#[from] git2::Error),
+	/// Occurs when iris failed to convert its internal structures into the
+	/// config string representation.
+	#[error(transparent)]
+	De(#[from] crate::parse::de::Error),
+	/// Occurs when a provided string representation of an iris structure is
+	/// invalid and could not be converted/parsed.
+	#[error(transparent)]
+	Ser(#[from] crate::parse::ser::Error),
+	/// Generic error message, occurs anywhere
+	#[error("{0}")]
+	Custom(String),
+}
+
+impl Error {
+	pub fn new(fmt: impl fmt::Display) -> Self {
+		Self::Custom(fmt.to_string())
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<&str> for Error {
+	fn from(msg: &str) -> Self {
+		Self::new(msg)
+	}
+}
+
+/// iris result type
+pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27d4e6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//! # Iris
+//! A locking plugin manager for vim
+
+mod model;
+pub use model::{config::Config, plugin::Plugin, repo::Repository};
+
+mod parse;
+
+mod error;
+pub use error::{Error, Result};
+
+pub mod path;
+
+use std::{
+	fs::File,
+	io::{BufWriter, Write},
+	path::Path,
+};
+
+/// Iris copyright header prepended to all generated files
+const COPYRIGHT_HEADER: &str = "\
+IRIS - A locking plugin manager for vim
+Copyright © 2025 Freya Murphy <contact@freyacat.org>
+
+This file is part of IRIS
+
+IRIS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
+your option) any later version.
+
+IRIS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with IRIS. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.";
+
+/// Opens file writer at `path` with copyright header already written
+pub(crate) fn get_writer<P>(path: P, c: char) -> Result<BufWriter<File>>
+where
+	P: AsRef<Path>,
+{
+	let file = File::create(path)?;
+	let mut w = BufWriter::new(file);
+	for line in COPYRIGHT_HEADER.lines() {
+		writeln!(w, "{c}{c}{c} {line}")?;
+	}
+	writeln!(w)?;
+	Ok(w)
+}
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86cd716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+//! # Iris
+//! A locking plugin manager for vim
+
+use iris::{Config, Result};
+use log::info;
+use std::{env, process::exit};
+
+const USAGE: &str = "\
+Usage: iris [OPTION]... COMMAND [FILE}";
+
+const HELP: &str = "\
+A locking plugin manager for vim
+
+Commands:
+	switch      checkout plugins using their current refs and generate autoload
+	            file
+	lock        update plugin refs to point to the latest commit
+
+Options:
+    -v, --verbose   enable verbose output
+    -q, --quiet     disable output
+	-h, --help      print the help message
+	-V, --version   print the program version
+";
+
+/// print the program version
+fn version() -> ! {
+	println!("iris {}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"));
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+/// print the program's usage
+fn usage() -> ! {
+	eprintln!("{USAGE}");
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+/// print the program's help message
+fn help() -> ! {
+	println!("{USAGE}\n{HELP}");
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+struct Options {
+	/// the command to run
+	command: String,
+	/// the file to load instead of defaults
+	file: Option<String>,
+	/// print verbose output
+	verbose: bool,
+	/// silence output
+	quiet: bool,
+}
+
+// parse options
+fn opts() -> Options {
+	let mut args = env::args().into_iter().peekable();
+	let mut quiet = false;
+	let mut verbose = false;
+
+	// skip program name
+	_ = args.next();
+
+	// options
+	while let Some(arg) = args.peek() {
+		// arg is not an option
+		if !arg.starts_with("-") {
+			break;
+		};
+		// grab next
+		let arg = args.next().expect("no arg?!");
+
+		match arg.as_str() {
+			// stop parsing options
+			"--" => break,
+			// quiet
+			"-q" | "--quiet" => {
+				quiet = true;
+			}
+			// verbose
+			"-v" | "--verbose" => {
+				verbose = true;
+			}
+			// version
+			"-V" | "--version" => version(),
+			// help
+			"-h" | "--help" => help(),
+			// invalid
+			_ => {
+				eprintln!("invalid options: '{arg}'");
+				exit(1);
+			}
+		};
+	}
+
+	// command
+	let Some(command) = args.next() else {
+		usage();
+	};
+
+	// file
+	let file = args.next();
+
+	// force end of arguments
+	if args.next().is_some() {
+		usage();
+	};
+
+	Options {
+		command,
+		file,
+		quiet,
+		verbose,
+	}
+}
+
+fn log(opts: &Options) {
+	if !opts.quiet {
+		let level = if opts.verbose {
+			log::LevelFilter::Trace
+		} else {
+			log::LevelFilter::Info
+		};
+
+		env_logger::Builder::from_default_env()
+			.filter_level(level)
+			.format_timestamp(None)
+			.format_module_path(false)
+			.format_source_path(false)
+			.init();
+	}
+}
+
+fn switch(opts: &Options) -> Result<()> {
+	let cfg = match &opts.file {
+		Some(path) => Config::read_from_file(path),
+		None => Config::read_from_lock_file()
+			.or_else(|_| Config::read_from_plugin_file()),
+	}?;
+
+	for plugin in &cfg.plugins {
+		plugin.switch()?;
+		info!("switched {}", plugin.id);
+	}
+
+	cfg.write_autoload_file()?;
+
+	Ok(())
+}
+
+fn lock(opts: &Options) -> Result<()> {
+	let mut cfg = match &opts.file {
+		Some(path) => Config::read_from_file(path),
+		None => Config::read_from_plugin_file(),
+	}?;
+
+	for plugin in &mut cfg.plugins {
+		plugin.lock()?;
+		info!("locked {}", plugin.id);
+	}
+
+	// save lock file
+	cfg.write_to_lock_file()?;
+
+	Ok(())
+}
+
+fn inner() -> Result<()> {
+	// parse opts
+	let opts = opts();
+
+	// initalize logger (if not quiet)
+	log(&opts);
+
+	// handle command
+	match opts.command.as_str() {
+		"switch" => switch(&opts)?,
+		"lock" => lock(&opts)?,
+		cmd => {
+			eprintln!("unknown command: '{cmd}'");
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	};
+
+	Ok(())
+}
+
+fn main() {
+	if let Err(err) = inner() {
+		log::error!("{err}");
+		exit(1);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/model/config.rs b/src/model/config.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..844609d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/model/config.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+//! Definition of an iris [config][Config].
+
+use crate::{get_writer, path, Plugin, Result};
+
+use log::trace;
+use std::{fs, io::Write, path::Path};
+
+/// Iris config
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Config {
+	/// List of iris plugin specifications
+	pub plugins: Vec<Plugin>,
+}
+
+impl Config {
+	/// Read an iris config from the file system
+	pub fn read_from_file<P>(path: P) -> Result<Self>
+	where
+		P: AsRef<Path>,
+	{
+		trace!("reading: {}", path.as_ref().display());
+		let contents = fs::read_to_string(&path)?;
+		let iris = Self::parse(&contents)?;
+		Ok(iris)
+	}
+
+	/// Read an iris config from the plugin file path
+	pub fn read_from_plugin_file() -> Result<Self> {
+		trace!("read from plugin file");
+		Self::read_from_file(path::plugin_file())
+	}
+
+	/// Read an iris config from the lock file path
+	pub fn read_from_lock_file() -> Result<Self> {
+		trace!("read from lock file");
+		Self::read_from_file(path::lock_file())
+	}
+
+	/// Write the iris config to the file system.
+	pub fn write_to_file<P>(&self, path: P) -> Result<()>
+	where
+		P: AsRef<Path>,
+	{
+		trace!("writing: {}", path.as_ref().display());
+		let contents = self.to_string()?;
+		let mut write = get_writer(&path, '#')?;
+		write.write_all(contents.as_bytes())?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
+	/// Write the iris config to the plugins file.
+	pub fn write_to_plugin_file(&self) -> Result<()> {
+		self.write_to_file(path::plugin_file())
+	}
+
+	/// Write the iris config to the lock file.
+	pub fn write_to_lock_file(&self) -> Result<()> {
+		self.write_to_file(path::lock_file())
+	}
+
+	/// Write the vim autoload file formed from each plugin.
+	pub fn write_autoload_file(&self) -> Result<()> {
+		let path = path::autoload_file();
+		trace!("writing: {}", path.display());
+
+		let mut f = get_writer(&path, '"')?;
+
+		// BEGIN iris#load
+		writeln!(f, "function! iris#load()")?;
+		// add each plugin to load path
+		for plugin in &self.plugins {
+			// runtime path
+			{
+				let path = plugin.runtime_path().display();
+				writeln!(f, "set runtimepath+={path}")?;
+			}
+			// lua package path
+			if let Some(path) = plugin.lua_package_path() {
+				let path = path.display();
+				writeln!(f, "lua package.path = package.path .. \";{path}\"")?;
+			}
+			// vim source file
+			if let Some(path) = plugin.vim_source_file() {
+				let path = path.display();
+				writeln!(f, "source {path}")?;
+			}
+			// lua source file
+			if let Some(path) = plugin.lua_source_file() {
+				let path = path.display();
+				writeln!(f, "lua dofile('{path}')")?;
+			}
+		}
+		for plugin in &self.plugins {
+			// vim source after file
+			if let Some(path) = plugin.vim_source_after_file() {
+				let path = path.display();
+				writeln!(f, "source {path}")?;
+			}
+			// lua source after file
+			if let Some(path) = plugin.lua_source_after_file() {
+				let path = path.display();
+				writeln!(f, "lua dofile('{path}')")?;
+			}
+		}
+		writeln!(f, "endfunction")?;
+		// END iris#load
+
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/model/mod.rs b/src/model/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41088af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/model/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+pub mod config;
+pub mod plugin;
+pub mod repo;
diff --git a/src/model/plugin.rs b/src/model/plugin.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb097c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/model/plugin.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+//! Defines of an iris [plugin][Plugin].
+
+use crate::{error::error, path, Repository, Result};
+
+use log::{debug, trace, warn};
+use std::{borrow::Cow, cmp::Ordering, collections::HashSet, path::PathBuf};
+use url::Url;
+
+/// Returns the url to the fallback git server. If a repository url is provided
+/// and it does not contain a git server (just author and repo), this url will
+/// be used in its absence.
+fn fallback_git_server() -> &'static Url {
+	use std::sync::OnceLock;
+	static FALLBACK: OnceLock<Url> = OnceLock::new();
+	FALLBACK.get_or_init(|| {
+		Url::parse("https://github.com")
+			.expect("!! IRIS BUG !! invalid fallback git server url")
+	})
+}
+
+/// # Plugin
+///
+/// A structure representing an iris plugin specification.
+///
+/// An iris plugin has two parts.
+///
+/// - [id], must be a unique identifier for this plugin and the plugins
+///   module name
+/// - [args], a set of arguments to configure this plugin
+///
+/// [id]: Self::id
+/// [args]: Self::args
+#[derive(Debug, Eq)]
+pub struct Plugin {
+	/// The plugins unique identifier. Used for the vim module name and
+	/// repository checkout foler.
+	pub id: String,
+	/// The commit oid (if set) that the local repository will be forced to
+	/// track. If not set then the repository will track the latest commit in
+	/// the current tracking branch.
+	pub commit: Option<String>,
+	/// The branch name (if set) that the local repository will be forced to
+	/// track. If not set then the repository will track the repositories
+	/// default branch.
+	pub branch: Option<String>,
+	/// Set of plugin ids this plugin should load before
+	pub run: Option<String>,
+	/// Handle to the local plugin repository.
+	pub before: HashSet<String>,
+	/// Set of plugin ids this plugin should load after
+	pub after: HashSet<String>,
+	/// The command to run when vim starts up
+	repo: Repository,
+}
+
+impl Plugin {
+	/// Create a new iris plugin.
+	///
+	/// Creates a plugin from the git repo at `url` with the unique id `id`.
+	/// The plugin will be unlocked meaning it will always track the latest
+	/// commit until locked. A handle to a local repository will be created but
+	/// not loaded until called upon.
+	pub fn new(id: String, url: &str) -> Result<Self> {
+		// resolve and parse url
+		let url = {
+			// try url as is
+			Url::parse(url)
+				// try url with fallback
+				.or_else(|_| fallback_git_server().join(url))
+				// invalid git url!
+				.map_err(|_| error!("invalid git url {url}"))
+		}?;
+
+		// get the path to the local repository checkout
+		let repo_path = path::plugin_dir().join(&id);
+
+		// create repository handle
+		let repo = Repository::new(url, repo_path);
+
+		debug!("found plugin '{id}'");
+
+		Ok(Self {
+			id,
+			commit: None,
+			branch: None,
+			run: None,
+			before: HashSet::new(),
+			after: HashSet::new(),
+			repo,
+		})
+	}
+
+	/// The url to the remote git repository.
+	pub const fn url(&self) -> &Url {
+		&self.repo.url
+	}
+
+	/// The path to the local repository
+	pub const fn repo_path(&self) -> &PathBuf {
+		&self.repo.path
+	}
+
+	/// The commit oid that the plugin repository is currently tracking
+	fn commit(&self) -> Result<Cow<'_, str>> {
+		// returned locked commit if set
+		if let Some(commit) = &self.commit {
+			return Ok(Cow::Borrowed(commit));
+		}
+
+		// get commit from repo
+		let branch = self.branch()?;
+		let commit = self.repo.latest_commit(&branch)?;
+		Ok(Cow::Owned(commit))
+	}
+
+	/// The branch name that the plugin repository is currently tracking
+	fn branch(&self) -> Result<Cow<'_, str>> {
+		// return locked branch if set
+		if let Some(branch) = &self.branch {
+			return Ok(Cow::Borrowed(branch));
+		}
+
+		// get branch from repo
+		let branch = self.repo.default_branch()?;
+		Ok(Cow::Owned(branch))
+	}
+
+	/// Fetches latest changes in the local repository but does not update
+	/// checkout.
+	pub fn fetch(&self) -> Result<()> {
+		trace!("fetching {}", self.id);
+		let branch = self.branch()?;
+		self.repo.fetch(&branch)?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
+	/// Checkout plugin repository using their current refs
+	pub fn switch(&self) -> Result<()> {
+		trace!("switching {}", self.id);
+		let commit = self.commit()?;
+		self.repo.checkout(&commit)?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
+	/// Update plugin ref to point to the latest commit
+	pub fn lock(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+		trace!("locking {}", self.id);
+		let branch = self.branch()?;
+		self.repo.fetch(&branch)?;
+		let commit = self.repo.latest_commit(&branch)?;
+		self.commit = Some(commit);
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
+	/// Runtime path
+	///
+	/// This this the plugins root directory, and is used by vim/neovim to
+	/// find the vim/lua runtime scripts.
+	///
+	/// vim: set runtimepath+=<path>
+	pub fn runtime_path(&self) -> &PathBuf {
+		self.repo_path()
+	}
+
+	/// Lua package path
+	///
+	/// This is the path to the lua module if the plugin has one. If so
+	/// it needs to be added to the lua package path. The path is located
+	/// in the repos lua directory at /lua/<id>/init.lua or /lua/<id>.lua. If
+	/// both exist the former takes priority.
+	///
+	/// lua: package.path = package.path .. ";<path>"
+	pub fn lua_package_path(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+		let mut lua = self.repo_path().to_owned();
+		lua.push("lua");
+		lua.push(&self.id);
+		// /lua/<id>/init.lua
+		let module = lua.join("init.lua");
+		if module.exists() {
+			return Some(module.with_file_name("?.lua"));
+		}
+		// /lua/<id>/.lua
+		let module = lua.with_extension("lua");
+		if module.exists() {
+			return Some(module.with_file_name("?.lua"));
+		}
+		// no lua package path found
+		None
+	}
+
+	/// Vim source file
+	///
+	/// Path to a vim file in the /plugin directory that needs to be
+	/// sourced. This is located at /plugin/<id>.vim
+	///
+	/// vim: source <path>
+	pub fn vim_source_file(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+		let mut path = self.repo_path().to_owned();
+		path.push("plugin");
+		path.push(&self.id);
+		path.set_extension("vim");
+		Some(path).filter(|path| path.exists())
+	}
+
+	/// Lua source file
+	///
+	/// Path to a lua file in the /plugin directory that needs to be
+	/// sourced. This is located at /plugin/<id>.lua
+	///
+	/// lua: dofile('<path>')
+	pub fn lua_source_file(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+		let mut path = self.repo_path().to_owned();
+		path.push("plugin");
+		path.push(&self.id);
+		path.set_extension("lua");
+		Some(path).filter(|path| path.exists())
+	}
+
+	/// Vim source after file
+	///
+	/// Path to a vim file in the /after/plugin directory that needs to be
+	/// sourced last. This is located at /after/plugin/<id>.vim
+	///
+	/// vim: source <path>
+	pub fn vim_source_after_file(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+		let mut path = self.repo_path().to_owned();
+		path.push("after/plugin");
+		path.push(&self.id);
+		path.set_extension("vim");
+		Some(path).filter(|path| path.exists())
+	}
+
+	/// Lua source after file
+	///
+	/// Path to a lua file in the /after/plugin directory that needs to be
+	/// sourced last. This is located at /after/plugin/<id>.lua
+	///
+	/// lua: dofile('<path>')
+	pub fn lua_source_after_file(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
+		let mut path = self.repo_path().to_owned();
+		path.push("after/plugin");
+		path.push(&self.id);
+		path.set_extension("lua");
+		Some(path).filter(|path| path.exists())
+	}
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Plugin {
+	fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+		self.id.eq(&other.id)
+	}
+}
+
+impl PartialOrd for Plugin {
+	fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<std::cmp::Ordering> {
+		let is_after =
+			other.before.contains(&self.id) || self.after.contains(&other.id);
+		let is_before =
+			other.after.contains(&self.id) || self.before.contains(&other.id);
+		match (is_before, is_after) {
+			// equal, no ordering
+			(false, false) => Some(Ordering::Equal),
+			// before
+			(true, false) => Some(Ordering::Less),
+			// after
+			(false, true) => Some(Ordering::Greater),
+			// cycle detected
+			(true, true) => {
+				warn!(
+					"plugin dependency cycle detected between '{}' and '{}'",
+					&self.id, &other.id
+				);
+				None
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl Ord for Plugin {
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
+        self.partial_cmp(other).unwrap_or(Ordering::Equal)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/model/repo.rs b/src/model/repo.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..557efb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/model/repo.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+//! Definition of an iris [repo][Repository].
+
+use crate::{error, Result};
+
+use log::{debug, trace};
+use std::{path::PathBuf, sync::OnceLock};
+use url::Url;
+
+/// A handle to a locally stored git repository.
+pub struct Repository {
+	/// The remote url that the git repository is located at.
+	pub url: Url,
+	/// The path on disk that the this repository is/will be located at.
+	pub path: PathBuf,
+	/// The git2 lib handle to the repo
+	inner: OnceLock<git2::Repository>,
+}
+
+impl Repository {
+	/// Creates a new handle to a local git repository.
+	pub const fn new(url: Url, path: PathBuf) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			url,
+			path,
+			inner: OnceLock::new(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Gets the handle to the local repository
+	fn repo(&self) -> Result<&git2::Repository> {
+		// we only need to initalize once
+		if let Some(repo) = self.inner.get() {
+			return Ok(repo);
+		}
+
+		trace!("loading repo");
+
+		// repository not loaded, try loading it
+		let repo = if self.path.exists() {
+			// repo exists on file system, just open it
+			git2::Repository::open(&self.path)?
+		} else {
+			// repo needs to be cloned
+			git2::Repository::clone(self.url.as_str(), &self.path)?
+		};
+
+		// save and return repo
+		Ok(self.inner.get_or_init(|| repo))
+	}
+
+	/// Gets the current remote in the git repository
+	fn remote(&self) -> Result<git2::Remote> {
+		let repo = self.repo()?;
+		let remote_name = "origin";
+		let mut remote = repo.find_remote(remote_name)?;
+
+		// make sure that out remote is connected before
+		// we do anything with it. otherwise things will
+		// fail!
+		if !remote.connected() {
+			trace!("connecting to remote");
+			remote.connect(git2::Direction::Fetch)?;
+		}
+
+		Ok(remote)
+	}
+
+	/// Fetches the latest commits in the provided branch.
+	pub fn fetch(&self, branch: &str) -> Result<()> {
+		let mut remote = self.remote()?;
+		trace!("fetching '{branch}");
+		remote.fetch(&[branch], None, None)?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+
+	/// Returns the default branch of the git repositroy.
+	pub fn default_branch(&self) -> Result<String> {
+		let remote = self.remote()?;
+		let buf = remote.default_branch()?;
+		let name = buf
+			.as_str()
+			.and_then(|s| s.strip_prefix("refs/heads/"))
+			.map(String::from)
+			.ok_or_else(|| error::error!("cannot get default branch"))?;
+		debug!("default branch is '{name}'");
+		Ok(name)
+	}
+
+	/// Returns the latest fetched commit in `branch`.
+	pub fn latest_commit(&self, branch: &str) -> Result<String> {
+		let repo = self.repo()?;
+		let refr_name = format!("refs/remotes/origin/{branch}");
+		let refr = repo.find_reference(&refr_name)?;
+		let commit = refr.peel_to_commit()?;
+		let oid = commit.id().to_string();
+		Ok(oid)
+	}
+
+	/// Checks out the local repository to the given commit and detaches
+	/// HEAD to that commit.
+	pub fn checkout(&self, commit: &str) -> Result<()> {
+		let repo = self.repo()?;
+		trace!("checkout to '{commit}'");
+		let oid = git2::Oid::from_str(commit)?;
+		let commit = repo.find_commit(oid)?;
+		repo.reset(commit.as_object(), git2::ResetType::Hard, None)?;
+		Ok(())
+	}
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Repository {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+		write!(f, "_")
+	}
+}
+
+impl PartialEq for Repository {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.url.eq(&other.url) && self.path.eq(&other.path)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Eq for Repository {}
diff --git a/src/parse/de.rs b/src/parse/de.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b312a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/parse/de.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+//! Deserialize an iris structure from a string.
+
+use crate::{Config, Plugin};
+
+use serde::de;
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::fmt;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+/// Errors that can occur when deserializing a type
+#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+	/// Occurs when toml could not be deserialized
+	#[error(transparent)]
+	Toml(#[from] toml::de::Error),
+}
+
+macro_rules! error {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        de::Error::custom(format!($($arg)*))
+    };
+}
+
+struct PluginIDsVisitor;
+impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for PluginIDsVisitor {
+	type Value = Vec<String>;
+
+	fn expecting(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		write!(f, "single or list of plugin ids")
+	}
+
+	fn visit_str<E>(self, v: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+	where
+		E: de::Error,
+	{
+		self.visit_string(v.to_string())
+	}
+
+	fn visit_string<E>(self, v: String) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+	where
+		E: de::Error,
+	{
+		Ok(vec![v])
+	}
+
+	fn visit_seq<A>(self, mut seq: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
+	where
+		A: de::SeqAccess<'de>,
+	{
+		let mut values =
+			seq.size_hint().map_or_else(Vec::new, Vec::with_capacity);
+		while let Some(value) = seq.next_element::<String>()? {
+			values.push(value);
+		}
+		Ok(values)
+	}
+}
+
+struct PluginIDsSeed;
+impl<'de> de::DeserializeSeed<'de> for PluginIDsSeed {
+	type Value = HashSet<String>;
+
+	fn deserialize<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
+	where
+		D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
+	{
+		let values = d.deserialize_any(PluginIDsVisitor)?;
+		Ok(HashSet::from_iter(values))
+	}
+}
+
+// plugin visitor with seeded plugin id
+struct PluginVisitor(Option<String>);
+impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for PluginVisitor {
+	type Value = Plugin;
+
+	fn expecting(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		match &self.0 {
+			Some(id) => write!(f, "arguments for plugin '{id}'"),
+			None => write!(f, "plugin id and arguments"),
+		}
+	}
+
+	fn visit_str<E>(self, v: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+	where
+		E: de::Error,
+	{
+		self.visit_string(v.to_string())
+	}
+
+	fn visit_borrowed_str<E>(self, v: &'_ str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+	where
+		E: de::Error,
+	{
+		self.visit_string(v.to_string())
+	}
+
+	fn visit_string<E>(self, url: String) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
+	where
+		E: de::Error,
+	{
+		let Some(id) = self.0 else {
+			return Err(de::Error::missing_field("id"));
+		};
+		Self::Value::new(id, &url).map_err(E::custom)
+	}
+
+	fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
+	where
+		A: de::MapAccess<'de>,
+	{
+		// parse each map value as a possbile field for the plugin
+		let mut id = self.0; // plugin id (required)
+		let mut url = None; // repository url (required)
+		let mut commit = None; // commit to lock to
+		let mut branch = None; // branch to lock to
+		let mut run = None; // command to run on launch
+		let mut before = HashSet::new(); // plugins to load before
+		let mut after = HashSet::new(); // plugins to load after
+
+		while let Some(key) = map.next_key::<String>()? {
+			match key.as_str() {
+				// plugin id
+				"id" => {
+					id = Some(map.next_value::<String>()?);
+				}
+				// repo url
+				"url" => {
+					url = Some(map.next_value::<String>()?);
+				}
+				// locked commit
+				"commit" => {
+					commit = Some(map.next_value::<String>()?);
+				}
+				// locked branch
+				"branch" => {
+					branch = Some(map.next_value::<String>()?);
+				}
+				// vim command to run on launch
+				"run" => {
+					run = Some(map.next_value::<String>()?);
+				}
+				// plugins to load before
+				"before" => {
+					before = map.next_value_seed(PluginIDsSeed)?;
+				}
+				// plugins to load after
+				"after" => {
+					after = map.next_value_seed(PluginIDsSeed)?;
+				}
+				// invalid key!
+				key => return Err(error!("unknown plugin field '{key}'")),
+			};
+		}
+
+		// id is a required field
+		let Some(id) = id else {
+			return Err(de::Error::missing_field("id"));
+		};
+
+		// url is a required field
+		let Some(url) = url else {
+			return Err(de::Error::missing_field("url"));
+		};
+
+		let mut plugin =
+			Self::Value::new(id, &url).map_err(de::Error::custom)?;
+		plugin.commit = commit;
+		plugin.branch = branch;
+		plugin.run = run;
+		plugin.before = before;
+		plugin.after = after;
+		Ok(plugin)
+	}
+}
+
+// deserialize plugin with possible id
+struct PluginSeed(Option<String>);
+impl<'de> de::DeserializeSeed<'de> for PluginSeed {
+	type Value = Plugin;
+
+	fn deserialize<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
+	where
+		D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
+	{
+		d.deserialize_any(PluginVisitor(self.0))
+	}
+}
+
+// plugins visitor
+struct PluginsVisitor;
+impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for PluginsVisitor {
+	type Value = Vec<Plugin>;
+
+	fn expecting(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		f.write_str("map of plugin id's to their arguments")
+	}
+
+	fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
+	where
+		A: de::MapAccess<'de>,
+	{
+		let mut plugins =
+			map.size_hint().map_or_else(Vec::new, Vec::with_capacity);
+		while let Some(id) = map.next_key()? {
+			let plugin = map.next_value_seed(PluginSeed(Some(id)))?;
+			plugins.push(plugin);
+		}
+		Ok(plugins)
+	}
+
+	fn visit_seq<A>(self, mut seq: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
+	where
+		A: de::SeqAccess<'de>,
+	{
+		let mut plugins =
+			seq.size_hint().map_or_else(Vec::new, Vec::with_capacity);
+		while let Some(plugin) = seq.next_element_seed(PluginSeed(None))? {
+			plugins.push(plugin);
+		}
+		Ok(plugins)
+	}
+}
+
+// plugins seed
+struct PluginsSeed;
+impl<'de> de::DeserializeSeed<'de> for PluginsSeed {
+	type Value = Vec<Plugin>;
+
+	fn deserialize<D>(self, d: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
+	where
+		D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
+	{
+		d.deserialize_any(PluginsVisitor)
+	}
+}
+
+// config visitor
+struct ConfigVisitor;
+impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for ConfigVisitor {
+	type Value = Config;
+
+	fn expecting(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+		f.write_str("iris config value")
+	}
+
+	fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
+	where
+		A: de::MapAccess<'de>,
+	{
+		let mut plugins = None; // list of plugins (required)
+		while let Some(key) = map.next_key::<String>()? {
+			match key.as_str() {
+				"plugins" => {
+					plugins = Some(map.next_value_seed(PluginsSeed)?);
+				}
+				key => return Err(error!("unknown config field '{key}'")),
+			};
+		}
+		// plugins is a required field
+		let Some(mut plugins) = plugins else {
+			return Err(de::Error::missing_field("plugins"));
+		};
+        plugins.sort();
+		Ok(Config { plugins })
+	}
+}
+
+impl<'de> de::Deserialize<'de> for Config {
+	fn deserialize<D>(d: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
+	where
+		D: de::Deserializer<'de>,
+	{
+		d.deserialize_map(ConfigVisitor)
+	}
+}
+
+impl Config {
+	pub fn parse(s: &str) -> crate::Result<Self> {
+		toml::from_str(s)
+			.map_err(Error::from)
+			.map_err(crate::Error::from)
+	}
+}
+
+impl FromStr for Config {
+	type Err = crate::Error;
+	fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+		Self::parse(s)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/parse/mod.rs b/src/parse/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e6ab62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/parse/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pub mod de;
+pub mod ser;
diff --git a/src/parse/ser.rs b/src/parse/ser.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a29fde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/parse/ser.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+//! Serialize an iris structure into a string.
+
+use crate::{Config, Plugin};
+
+use serde::ser;
+
+/// Errors that can occur when serializing a type
+#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+	/// Occurs when toml could not be eserialized
+	#[error(transparent)]
+	Toml(#[from] toml::ser::Error),
+}
+
+impl ser::Serialize for Plugin {
+	fn serialize<S>(&self, s: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+	where
+		S: ser::Serializer,
+	{
+		use ser::SerializeMap;
+		let mut s = s.serialize_map(None)?;
+		s.serialize_entry("id", &self.id)?;
+		s.serialize_entry("url", self.url().as_str())?;
+		if let Some(commit) = &self.commit {
+			s.serialize_entry("commit", commit)?;
+		}
+		if let Some(branch) = &self.branch {
+			s.serialize_entry("branch", branch)?;
+		}
+		if let Some(run) = &self.run {
+			s.serialize_entry("run", run)?;
+		}
+		s.serialize_entry("before", &self.before)?;
+		s.serialize_entry("after", &self.after)?;
+		s.end()
+	}
+}
+
+impl ser::Serialize for Config {
+	fn serialize<S>(&self, s: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
+	where
+		S: ser::Serializer,
+	{
+		use ser::SerializeMap;
+		let mut s = s.serialize_map(Some(1))?;
+
+		// plugins
+		s.serialize_key("plugins")?;
+		s.serialize_value(&self.plugins)?;
+
+		s.end()
+	}
+}
+
+impl Config {
+	/// Serializes a string from the iris config
+	pub fn to_string(&self) -> crate::Result<String> {
+		toml::to_string(self)
+			.map_err(Error::from)
+			.map_err(crate::Error::from)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/path.rs b/src/path.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7fdf91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/path.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//! Directory and file paths used by iris.
+
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+/// Root of the data directory
+fn base_config_dir() -> PathBuf {
+	dirs::config_local_dir().expect("could not locate config directory")
+}
+
+/// Root of the config directory
+fn base_data_dir() -> PathBuf {
+	dirs::data_local_dir().expect("could not locate data directory")
+}
+
+/// Path to the current diectort
+pub fn current_dir() -> PathBuf {
+	std::env::current_dir().expect("could not locate current directory")
+}
+
+/// Path to iris's config directory.
+///
+/// This is the directory where iris will look and save it's config files.
+pub fn config_dir() -> PathBuf {
+	base_config_dir().join("iris")
+}
+
+/// Default path to iris's plugin file
+pub fn default_plugin_file() -> PathBuf {
+	config_dir().join("iris.toml")
+}
+
+/// Path to iris's plugin file
+pub fn plugin_file() -> PathBuf {
+	[current_dir(), config_dir()]
+		.into_iter()
+		.map(|dir| dir.join("iris.toml"))
+		.find(|path| path.exists())
+		.unwrap_or_else(default_plugin_file)
+}
+
+/// Path to iris's lock file
+pub fn lock_file() -> PathBuf {
+	plugin_file().with_file_name("iris.lock")
+}
+
+/// Path to iris's data directory.
+pub fn data_dir() -> PathBuf {
+	base_data_dir().join("iris")
+}
+
+/// Path to iris's plugin directory.
+///
+/// This is where each checkout for each plugin repository will be saved.
+pub fn plugin_dir() -> PathBuf {
+	data_dir().join("plugins")
+}
+
+/// Path to iris's transaction lock file.
+///
+/// The transaction lock ensures that only one process is operating on iris's
+/// data directory at a time.
+pub fn transaction_lock_file() -> PathBuf {
+	data_dir().join("lock")
+}
+
+/// Destination path for iris's vim autoload file.
+pub fn autoload_file() -> PathBuf {
+	base_data_dir().join("nvim/site/autoload/iris.vim")
+}