Merge pull request #11301 from misskey-dev/develop

Release: 13.14.0

79 files changed, 1294 insertions, 1138 deletions

diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/AccountMoveService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/AccountMoveService.ts
index ab11785e28..111fcfd734 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/AccountMoveService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/AccountMoveService.ts
@@ -4,10 +4,9 @@ import { IsNull, In, MoreThan, Not } from 'typeorm';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
-import type { LocalUser, RemoteUser } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
+import type { LocalUser, RemoteUser, User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import type { BlockingsRepository, FollowingsRepository, InstancesRepository, Muting, MutingsRepository, UserListJoiningsRepository, UsersRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { RelationshipJobData, ThinUser } from '@/queue/types.js';
-import type { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 
 import { IdService } from '@/core/IdService.js';
 import { GlobalEventService } from '@/core/GlobalEventService.js';
@@ -295,7 +294,7 @@ export class AccountMoveService {
 	 * dstユーザーのalsoKnownAsをfetchPersonしていき、本当にmovedToUrlをdstに指定するユーザーが存在するのかを調べる
 	 *
 	 * @param dst movedToUrlを指定するユーザー
-	 * @param check 
+	 * @param check
 	 * @param instant checkがtrueであるユーザーが最初に見つかったら即座にreturnするかどうか
 	 * @returns Promise<LocalUser | RemoteUser | null>
 	 */
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/AiService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/AiService.ts
index 059e335eff..c0596446dd 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/AiService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/AiService.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { dirname } from 'node:path';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import * as nsfw from 'nsfwjs';
 import si from 'systeminformation';
+import { Mutex } from 'async-mutex';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ let isSupportedCpu: undefined | boolean = undefined;
 @Injectable()
 export class AiService {
 	private model: nsfw.NSFWJS;
+	private modelLoadMutex: Mutex = new Mutex();
 
 	constructor(
 		@Inject(DI.config)
@@ -31,16 +33,22 @@ export class AiService {
 				const cpuFlags = await this.getCpuFlags();
 				isSupportedCpu = REQUIRED_CPU_FLAGS.every(required => cpuFlags.includes(required));
 			}
-	
+
 			if (!isSupportedCpu) {
 				console.error('This CPU cannot use TensorFlow.');
 				return null;
 			}
-	
+
 			const tf = await import('@tensorflow/tfjs-node');
-	
-			if (this.model == null) this.model = await nsfw.load(`file://${_dirname}/../../nsfw-model/`, { size: 299 });
-	
+
+			if (this.model == null) {
+				await this.modelLoadMutex.runExclusive(async () => {
+					if (this.model == null) {
+						this.model = await nsfw.load(`file://${_dirname}/../../nsfw-model/`, { size: 299 });
+					}
+				});
+			}
+
 			const buffer = await fs.promises.readFile(path);
 			const image = await tf.node.decodeImage(buffer, 3) as any;
 			try {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/AntennaService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/AntennaService.ts
index d8df371916..9310fd8b52 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/AntennaService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/AntennaService.ts
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ export class AntennaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 				'MAXLEN', '~', '200',
 				'*',
 				'note', note.id);
-			
+
 			this.globalEventService.publishAntennaStream(antenna.id, 'note', note);
 		}
 
@@ -112,16 +112,16 @@ export class AntennaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	public async checkHitAntenna(antenna: Antenna, note: (Note | Packed<'Note'>), noteUser: { id: User['id']; username: string; host: string | null; }): Promise<boolean> {
 		if (note.visibility === 'specified') return false;
 		if (note.visibility === 'followers') return false;
-	
+
 		if (!antenna.withReplies && note.replyId != null) return false;
-	
+
 		if (antenna.src === 'home') {
 			// TODO
 		} else if (antenna.src === 'list') {
 			const listUsers = (await this.userListJoiningsRepository.findBy({
 				userListId: antenna.userListId!,
 			})).map(x => x.userId);
-	
+
 			if (!listUsers.includes(note.userId)) return false;
 		} else if (antenna.src === 'users') {
 			const accts = antenna.users.map(x => {
@@ -130,32 +130,32 @@ export class AntennaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			});
 			if (!accts.includes(this.utilityService.getFullApAccount(noteUser.username, noteUser.host).toLowerCase())) return false;
 		}
-	
+
 		const keywords = antenna.keywords
 			// Clean up
 			.map(xs => xs.filter(x => x !== ''))
 			.filter(xs => xs.length > 0);
-	
+
 		if (keywords.length > 0) {
 			if (note.text == null && note.cw == null) return false;
 
 			const _text = (note.text ?? '') + '\n' + (note.cw ?? '');
-	
+
 			const matched = keywords.some(and =>
 				and.every(keyword =>
 					antenna.caseSensitive
 						? _text.includes(keyword)
 						: _text.toLowerCase().includes(keyword.toLowerCase()),
 				));
-	
+
 			if (!matched) return false;
 		}
-	
+
 		const excludeKeywords = antenna.excludeKeywords
 			// Clean up
 			.map(xs => xs.filter(x => x !== ''))
 			.filter(xs => xs.length > 0);
-	
+
 		if (excludeKeywords.length > 0) {
 			if (note.text == null && note.cw == null) return false;
 
@@ -167,16 +167,16 @@ export class AntennaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 						? _text.includes(keyword)
 						: _text.toLowerCase().includes(keyword.toLowerCase()),
 				));
-	
+
 			if (matched) return false;
 		}
-	
+
 		if (antenna.withFile) {
 			if (note.fileIds && note.fileIds.length === 0) return false;
 		}
-	
+
 		// TODO: eval expression
-	
+
 		return true;
 	}
 
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ export class AntennaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			});
 			this.antennasFetched = true;
 		}
-	
+
 		return this.antennas;
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/AppLockService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/AppLockService.ts
index 8dd805552b..6ccaec26ba 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/AppLockService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/AppLockService.ts
@@ -33,11 +33,6 @@ export class AppLockService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public getFetchInstanceMetadataLock(host: string, timeout = 30 * 1000): Promise<() => void> {
-		return this.lock(`instance:${host}`, timeout);
-	}
-
-	@bindThis
 	public getChartInsertLock(lockKey: string, timeout = 30 * 1000): Promise<() => void> {
 		return this.lock(`chart-insert:${lockKey}`, timeout);
 	}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/CacheService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/CacheService.ts
index 2b7f9a48da..cd6b68e721 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/CacheService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/CacheService.ts
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ import type { OnApplicationShutdown } from '@nestjs/common';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class CacheService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
-	public userByIdCache: MemoryKVCache<User>;
-	public localUserByNativeTokenCache: MemoryKVCache<LocalUser | null>;
+	public userByIdCache: MemoryKVCache<User, User | string>;
+	public localUserByNativeTokenCache: MemoryKVCache<LocalUser | null, string | null>;
 	public localUserByIdCache: MemoryKVCache<LocalUser>;
-	public uriPersonCache: MemoryKVCache<User | null>;
+	public uriPersonCache: MemoryKVCache<User | null, string | null>;
 	public userProfileCache: RedisKVCache<UserProfile>;
 	public userMutingsCache: RedisKVCache<Set<string>>;
 	public userBlockingCache: RedisKVCache<Set<string>>;
@@ -55,10 +55,41 @@ export class CacheService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	) {
 		//this.onMessage = this.onMessage.bind(this);
 
-		this.userByIdCache = new MemoryKVCache<User>(Infinity);
-		this.localUserByNativeTokenCache = new MemoryKVCache<LocalUser | null>(Infinity);
-		this.localUserByIdCache = new MemoryKVCache<LocalUser>(Infinity);
-		this.uriPersonCache = new MemoryKVCache<User | null>(Infinity);
+		const localUserByIdCache = new MemoryKVCache<LocalUser>(1000 * 60 * 60 * 6 /* 6h */);
+		this.localUserByIdCache	= localUserByIdCache;
+
+		// ローカルユーザーならlocalUserByIdCacheにデータを追加し、こちらにはid(文字列)だけを追加する
+		const userByIdCache = new MemoryKVCache<User, User | string>(1000 * 60 * 60 * 6 /* 6h */, {
+			toMapConverter: user => {
+				if (user.host === null) {
+					localUserByIdCache.set(user.id, user as LocalUser);
+					return user.id;
+				}
+
+				return user;
+			},
+			fromMapConverter: userOrId => typeof userOrId === 'string' ? localUserByIdCache.get(userOrId) : userOrId,
+		});
+		this.userByIdCache = userByIdCache;
+
+		this.localUserByNativeTokenCache = new MemoryKVCache<LocalUser | null, string | null>(Infinity, {
+			toMapConverter: user => {
+				if (user === null) return null;
+
+				localUserByIdCache.set(user.id, user);
+				return user.id;
+			},
+			fromMapConverter: id => id === null ? null : localUserByIdCache.get(id),
+		});
+		this.uriPersonCache = new MemoryKVCache<User | null, string | null>(Infinity, {
+			toMapConverter: user => {
+				if (user === null) return null;
+
+				userByIdCache.set(user.id, user);
+				return user.id;
+			},
+			fromMapConverter: id => id === null ? null : userByIdCache.get(id),
+		});
 
 		this.userProfileCache = new RedisKVCache<UserProfile>(this.redisClient, 'userProfile', {
 			lifetime: 1000 * 60 * 30, // 30m
@@ -131,7 +162,7 @@ export class CacheService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 					const user = await this.usersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: body.id });
 					this.userByIdCache.set(user.id, user);
 					for (const [k, v] of this.uriPersonCache.cache.entries()) {
-						if (v.value?.id === user.id) {
+						if (v.value === user.id) {
 							this.uriPersonCache.set(k, user);
 						}
 					}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/CaptchaService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/CaptchaService.ts
index 1a52a229c5..10cfdba254 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/CaptchaService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/CaptchaService.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export class CaptchaService {
 			secret,
 			response,
 		});
-	
+
 		const res = await this.httpRequestService.send(url, {
 			method: 'POST',
 			body: params.toString(),
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ export class CaptchaService {
 				'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
 			},
 		}, { throwErrorWhenResponseNotOk: false });
-	
+
 		if (!res.ok) {
 			throw new Error(`${res.status}`);
 		}
-	
+
 		return await res.json() as CaptchaResponse;
-	}	
-	
+	}
+
 	@bindThis
 	public async verifyRecaptcha(secret: string, response: string | null | undefined): Promise<void> {
 		if (response == null) {
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export class CaptchaService {
 		if (response == null) {
 			throw new Error('turnstile-failed: no response provided');
 		}
-	
+
 		const result = await this.getCaptchaResponse('https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/siteverify', secret, response).catch(err => {
 			throw new Error(`turnstile-request-failed: ${err}`);
 		});
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/CoreModule.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/CoreModule.ts
index d3a1b1b024..c7c98b3bdd 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/CoreModule.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/CoreModule.ts
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ import { GalleryLikeEntityService } from './entities/GalleryLikeEntityService.js
 import { GalleryPostEntityService } from './entities/GalleryPostEntityService.js';
 import { HashtagEntityService } from './entities/HashtagEntityService.js';
 import { InstanceEntityService } from './entities/InstanceEntityService.js';
+import { InviteCodeEntityService } from './entities/InviteCodeEntityService.js';
 import { ModerationLogEntityService } from './entities/ModerationLogEntityService.js';
 import { MutingEntityService } from './entities/MutingEntityService.js';
 import { RenoteMutingEntityService } from './entities/RenoteMutingEntityService.js';
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ const $GalleryLikeEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'GalleryLikeEntityService
 const $GalleryPostEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'GalleryPostEntityService', useExisting: GalleryPostEntityService };
 const $HashtagEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'HashtagEntityService', useExisting: HashtagEntityService };
 const $InstanceEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'InstanceEntityService', useExisting: InstanceEntityService };
+const $InviteCodeEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'InviteCodeEntityService', useExisting: InviteCodeEntityService };
 const $ModerationLogEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'ModerationLogEntityService', useExisting: ModerationLogEntityService };
 const $MutingEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'MutingEntityService', useExisting: MutingEntityService };
 const $RenoteMutingEntityService: Provider = { provide: 'RenoteMutingEntityService', useExisting: RenoteMutingEntityService };
@@ -329,6 +331,7 @@ const $ApQuestionService: Provider = { provide: 'ApQuestionService', useExisting
 		GalleryPostEntityService,
 		HashtagEntityService,
 		InstanceEntityService,
+		InviteCodeEntityService,
 		ModerationLogEntityService,
 		MutingEntityService,
 		RenoteMutingEntityService,
@@ -448,6 +451,7 @@ const $ApQuestionService: Provider = { provide: 'ApQuestionService', useExisting
 		$GalleryPostEntityService,
 		$HashtagEntityService,
 		$InstanceEntityService,
+		$InviteCodeEntityService,
 		$ModerationLogEntityService,
 		$MutingEntityService,
 		$RenoteMutingEntityService,
@@ -567,6 +571,7 @@ const $ApQuestionService: Provider = { provide: 'ApQuestionService', useExisting
 		GalleryPostEntityService,
 		HashtagEntityService,
 		InstanceEntityService,
+		InviteCodeEntityService,
 		ModerationLogEntityService,
 		MutingEntityService,
 		RenoteMutingEntityService,
@@ -685,6 +690,7 @@ const $ApQuestionService: Provider = { provide: 'ApQuestionService', useExisting
 		$GalleryPostEntityService,
 		$HashtagEntityService,
 		$InstanceEntityService,
+		$InviteCodeEntityService,
 		$ModerationLogEntityService,
 		$MutingEntityService,
 		$RenoteMutingEntityService,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/CreateSystemUserService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/CreateSystemUserService.ts
index 8f887d90f9..cef664bf0b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/CreateSystemUserService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/CreateSystemUserService.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import bcrypt from 'bcryptjs';
-import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid';
 import { IsNull, DataSource } from 'typeorm';
 import { genRsaKeyPair } from '@/misc/gen-key-pair.js';
 import { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
@@ -24,28 +24,28 @@ export class CreateSystemUserService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public async createSystemUser(username: string): Promise<User> {
-		const password = uuid();
-	
+		const password = randomUUID();
+
 		// Generate hash of password
 		const salt = await bcrypt.genSalt(8);
 		const hash = await bcrypt.hash(password, salt);
-	
+
 		// Generate secret
 		const secret = generateNativeUserToken();
-	
-		const keyPair = await genRsaKeyPair(4096);
-	
+
+		const keyPair = await genRsaKeyPair();
+
 		let account!: User;
-	
+
 		// Start transaction
 		await this.db.transaction(async transactionalEntityManager => {
 			const exist = await transactionalEntityManager.findOneBy(User, {
 				usernameLower: username.toLowerCase(),
 				host: IsNull(),
 			});
-	
+
 			if (exist) throw new Error('the user is already exists');
-	
+
 			account = await transactionalEntityManager.insert(User, {
 				id: this.idService.genId(),
 				createdAt: new Date(),
@@ -58,25 +58,25 @@ export class CreateSystemUserService {
 				isExplorable: false,
 				isBot: true,
 			}).then(x => transactionalEntityManager.findOneByOrFail(User, x.identifiers[0]));
-	
+
 			await transactionalEntityManager.insert(UserKeypair, {
 				publicKey: keyPair.publicKey,
 				privateKey: keyPair.privateKey,
 				userId: account.id,
 			});
-	
+
 			await transactionalEntityManager.insert(UserProfile, {
 				userId: account.id,
 				autoAcceptFollowed: false,
 				password: hash,
 			});
-	
+
 			await transactionalEntityManager.insert(UsedUsername, {
 				createdAt: new Date(),
 				username: username.toLowerCase(),
 			});
 		});
-	
+
 		return account;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/CustomEmojiService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/CustomEmojiService.ts
index 5f2ced77eb..661d956bd6 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/CustomEmojiService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/CustomEmojiService.ts
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ export class CustomEmojiService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 
 			this.globalEventService.publishBroadcastStream('emojiAdded', {
 				emoji: updated,
-			});	
+			});
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ export class CustomEmojiService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 		}
 
 		this.localEmojisCache.refresh();
-	
+
 		this.globalEventService.publishBroadcastStream('emojiUpdated', {
 			emojis: await this.emojiEntityService.packDetailedMany(ids),
 		});
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ export class CustomEmojiService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			emojis: await this.emojiEntityService.packDetailedMany(ids),
 		});
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	public async setLicenseBulk(ids: Emoji['id'][], license: string | null) {
 		await this.emojisRepository.update({
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/DeleteAccountService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/DeleteAccountService.ts
index 327283106f..3a0592441b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/DeleteAccountService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/DeleteAccountService.ts
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ export class DeleteAccountService {
 
 		// 物理削除する前にDelete activityを送信する
 		await this.userSuspendService.doPostSuspend(user).catch(e => {});
-	
+
 		this.queueService.createDeleteAccountJob(user, {
 			soft: false,
 		});
-	
+
 		await this.usersRepository.update(user.id, {
 			isDeleted: true,
 		});
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/DownloadService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/DownloadService.ts
index bd535c6032..09039a8b57 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/DownloadService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/DownloadService.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@ import * as fs from 'node:fs';
 import * as stream from 'node:stream';
 import * as util from 'node:util';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import IPCIDR from 'ip-cidr';
-import PrivateIp from 'private-ip';
+import ipaddr from 'ipaddr.js';
 import chalk from 'chalk';
 import got, * as Got from 'got';
 import { parse } from 'content-disposition';
@@ -123,15 +122,15 @@ export class DownloadService {
 	public async downloadTextFile(url: string): Promise<string> {
 		// Create temp file
 		const [path, cleanup] = await createTemp();
-	
+
 		this.logger.info(`text file: Temp file is ${path}`);
-	
+
 		try {
 			// write content at URL to temp file
 			await this.downloadUrl(url, path);
-	
+
 			const text = await util.promisify(fs.readFile)(path, 'utf8');
-	
+
 			return text;
 		} finally {
 			cleanup();
@@ -140,13 +139,14 @@ export class DownloadService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private isPrivateIp(ip: string): boolean {
+		const parsedIp = ipaddr.parse(ip);
+
 		for (const net of this.config.allowedPrivateNetworks ?? []) {
-			const cidr = new IPCIDR(net);
-			if (cidr.contains(ip)) {
+			if (parsedIp.match(ipaddr.parseCIDR(net))) {
 				return false;
 			}
 		}
 
-		return PrivateIp(ip) ?? false;
+		return parsedIp.range() !== 'unicast';
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/DriveService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/DriveService.ts
index 1483b55469..355e5e8c0d 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/DriveService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/DriveService.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
 import * as fs from 'node:fs';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid';
 import sharp from 'sharp';
 import { sharpBmp } from 'sharp-read-bmp';
 import { IsNull } from 'typeorm';
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ export class DriveService {
 				?? `${ meta.objectStorageUseSSL ? 'https' : 'http' }://${ meta.objectStorageEndpoint }${ meta.objectStoragePort ? `:${meta.objectStoragePort}` : '' }/${ meta.objectStorageBucket }`;
 
 			// for original
-			const key = `${meta.objectStoragePrefix}/${uuid()}${ext}`;
+			const key = `${meta.objectStoragePrefix}/${randomUUID()}${ext}`;
 			const url = `${ baseUrl }/${ key }`;
 
 			// for alts
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ export class DriveService {
 			];
 
 			if (alts.webpublic) {
-				webpublicKey = `${meta.objectStoragePrefix}/webpublic-${uuid()}.${alts.webpublic.ext}`;
+				webpublicKey = `${meta.objectStoragePrefix}/webpublic-${randomUUID()}.${alts.webpublic.ext}`;
 				webpublicUrl = `${ baseUrl }/${ webpublicKey }`;
 
 				this.registerLogger.info(`uploading webpublic: ${webpublicKey}`);
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ export class DriveService {
 			}
 
 			if (alts.thumbnail) {
-				thumbnailKey = `${meta.objectStoragePrefix}/thumbnail-${uuid()}.${alts.thumbnail.ext}`;
+				thumbnailKey = `${meta.objectStoragePrefix}/thumbnail-${randomUUID()}.${alts.thumbnail.ext}`;
 				thumbnailUrl = `${ baseUrl }/${ thumbnailKey }`;
 
 				this.registerLogger.info(`uploading thumbnail: ${thumbnailKey}`);
@@ -212,9 +212,9 @@ export class DriveService {
 
 			return await this.driveFilesRepository.insert(file).then(x => this.driveFilesRepository.findOneByOrFail(x.identifiers[0]));
 		} else { // use internal storage
-			const accessKey = uuid();
-			const thumbnailAccessKey = 'thumbnail-' + uuid();
-			const webpublicAccessKey = 'webpublic-' + uuid();
+			const accessKey = randomUUID();
+			const thumbnailAccessKey = 'thumbnail-' + randomUUID();
+			const webpublicAccessKey = 'webpublic-' + randomUUID();
 
 			const url = this.internalStorageService.saveFromPath(accessKey, path);
 
@@ -584,9 +584,9 @@ export class DriveService {
 			if (isLink) {
 				file.url = url;
 				// ローカルプロキシ用
-				file.accessKey = uuid();
-				file.thumbnailAccessKey = 'thumbnail-' + uuid();
-				file.webpublicAccessKey = 'webpublic-' + uuid();
+				file.accessKey = randomUUID();
+				file.thumbnailAccessKey = 'thumbnail-' + randomUUID();
+				file.webpublicAccessKey = 'webpublic-' + randomUUID();
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -713,9 +713,9 @@ export class DriveService {
 				webpublicUrl: null,
 				storedInternal: false,
 				// ローカルプロキシ用
-				accessKey: uuid(),
-				thumbnailAccessKey: 'thumbnail-' + uuid(),
-				webpublicAccessKey: 'webpublic-' + uuid(),
+				accessKey: randomUUID(),
+				thumbnailAccessKey: 'thumbnail-' + randomUUID(),
+				webpublicAccessKey: 'webpublic-' + randomUUID(),
 			});
 		} else {
 			this.driveFilesRepository.delete(file.id);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/EmailService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/EmailService.ts
index 59932a5b88..a04e9c1225 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/EmailService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/EmailService.ts
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ export class EmailService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async sendEmail(to: string, subject: string, html: string, text: string) {
 		const meta = await this.metaService.fetch(true);
-	
+
 		const iconUrl = `${this.config.url}/static-assets/mi-white.png`;
 		const emailSettingUrl = `${this.config.url}/settings/email`;
-	
+
 		const enableAuth = meta.smtpUser != null && meta.smtpUser !== '';
-	
+
 		const transporter = nodemailer.createTransport({
 			host: meta.smtpHost,
 			port: meta.smtpPort,
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export class EmailService {
 				pass: meta.smtpPass,
 			} : undefined,
 		} as any);
-	
+
 		try {
 			// TODO: htmlサニタイズ
 			const info = await transporter.sendMail({
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ export class EmailService {
 	</body>
 </html>`,
 			});
-	
+
 			this.logger.info(`Message sent: ${info.messageId}`);
 		} catch (err) {
 			this.logger.error(err as Error);
@@ -149,12 +149,12 @@ export class EmailService {
 		reason: null | 'used' | 'format' | 'disposable' | 'mx' | 'smtp';
 	}> {
 		const meta = await this.metaService.fetch();
-	
+
 		const exist = await this.userProfilesRepository.countBy({
 			emailVerified: true,
 			email: emailAddress,
 		});
-	
+
 		const validated = meta.enableActiveEmailValidation ? await validateEmail({
 			email: emailAddress,
 			validateRegex: true,
@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ export class EmailService {
 			validateDisposable: true, // 捨てアドかどうかチェック
 			validateSMTP: false, // 日本だと25ポートが殆どのプロバイダーで塞がれていてタイムアウトになるので
 		}) : { valid: true, reason: null };
-	
+
 		const available = exist === 0 && validated.valid;
-	
+
 		return {
 			available,
 			reason: available ? null :
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/FederatedInstanceService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/FederatedInstanceService.ts
index 3603d59dcc..a762038942 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/FederatedInstanceService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/FederatedInstanceService.ts
@@ -43,19 +43,19 @@ export class FederatedInstanceService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	@bindThis
 	public async fetch(host: string): Promise<Instance> {
 		host = this.utilityService.toPuny(host);
-	
+
 		const cached = await this.federatedInstanceCache.get(host);
 		if (cached) return cached;
-	
+
 		const index = await this.instancesRepository.findOneBy({ host });
-	
+
 		if (index == null) {
 			const i = await this.instancesRepository.insert({
 				id: this.idService.genId(),
 				host,
 				firstRetrievedAt: new Date(),
 			}).then(x => this.instancesRepository.findOneByOrFail(x.identifiers[0]));
-	
+
 			this.federatedInstanceCache.set(host, i);
 			return i;
 		} else {
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export class FederatedInstanceService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			.then((response) => {
 				return response.raw[0];
 			});
-	
+
 		this.federatedInstanceCache.set(result.host, result);
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/FetchInstanceMetadataService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/FetchInstanceMetadataService.ts
index 9de633350b..88706f1a48 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/FetchInstanceMetadataService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/FetchInstanceMetadataService.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@ import { URL } from 'node:url';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { JSDOM } from 'jsdom';
 import tinycolor from 'tinycolor2';
+import * as Redis from 'ioredis';
 import type { Instance } from '@/models/entities/Instance.js';
-import type { InstancesRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
-import { AppLockService } from '@/core/AppLockService.js';
 import type Logger from '@/logger.js';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import { LoggerService } from '@/core/LoggerService.js';
@@ -37,39 +36,49 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 	private logger: Logger;
 
 	constructor(
-		@Inject(DI.instancesRepository)
-		private instancesRepository: InstancesRepository,
-
-		private appLockService: AppLockService,
 		private httpRequestService: HttpRequestService,
 		private loggerService: LoggerService,
 		private federatedInstanceService: FederatedInstanceService,
+		@Inject(DI.redis)
+		private redisClient: Redis.Redis,
 	) {
 		this.logger = this.loggerService.getLogger('metadata', 'cyan');
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
+	public async tryLock(host: string): Promise<boolean> {
+		const mutex = await this.redisClient.set(`fetchInstanceMetadata:mutex:${host}`, '1', 'GET');
+		return mutex !== '1';
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
+	public unlock(host: string): Promise<'OK'> {
+		return this.redisClient.set(`fetchInstanceMetadata:mutex:${host}`, '0');
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
 	public async fetchInstanceMetadata(instance: Instance, force = false): Promise<void> {
-		const unlock = await this.appLockService.getFetchInstanceMetadataLock(instance.host);
-	
-		if (!force) {
-			const _instance = await this.instancesRepository.findOneBy({ host: instance.host });
-			const now = Date.now();
-			if (_instance && _instance.infoUpdatedAt && (now - _instance.infoUpdatedAt.getTime() < 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)) {
-				unlock();
-				return;
+		const host = instance.host;
+		// Acquire mutex to ensure no parallel runs
+		if (!await this.tryLock(host)) return;
+		try {
+			if (!force) {
+				const _instance = await this.federatedInstanceService.fetch(host);
+				const now = Date.now();
+				if (_instance && _instance.infoUpdatedAt && (now - _instance.infoUpdatedAt.getTime() < 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)) {
+					// unlock at the finally caluse
+					return;
+				}
 			}
-		}
 	
-		this.logger.info(`Fetching metadata of ${instance.host} ...`);
-	
-		try {
+			this.logger.info(`Fetching metadata of ${instance.host} ...`);
+ 
 			const [info, dom, manifest] = await Promise.all([
 				this.fetchNodeinfo(instance).catch(() => null),
 				this.fetchDom(instance).catch(() => null),
 				this.fetchManifest(instance).catch(() => null),
 			]);
-	
+
 			const [favicon, icon, themeColor, name, description] = await Promise.all([
 				this.fetchFaviconUrl(instance, dom).catch(() => null),
 				this.fetchIconUrl(instance, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
@@ -77,13 +86,13 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 				this.getSiteName(info, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
 				this.getDescription(info, dom, manifest).catch(() => null),
 			]);
-	
+
 			this.logger.succ(`Successfuly fetched metadata of ${instance.host}`);
-	
+
 			const updates = {
 				infoUpdatedAt: new Date(),
 			} as Record<string, any>;
-	
+
 			if (info) {
 				updates.softwareName = typeof info.software?.name === 'string' ? info.software.name.toLowerCase() : '?';
 				updates.softwareVersion = info.software?.version;
@@ -91,27 +100,27 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 				updates.maintainerName = info.metadata ? info.metadata.maintainer ? (info.metadata.maintainer.name ?? null) : null : null;
 				updates.maintainerEmail = info.metadata ? info.metadata.maintainer ? (info.metadata.maintainer.email ?? null) : null : null;
 			}
-	
+
 			if (name) updates.name = name;
 			if (description) updates.description = description;
-			if (icon || favicon) updates.iconUrl = icon ?? favicon;
+			if (icon || favicon) updates.iconUrl = (icon && !icon.includes('data:image/png;base64')) ? icon : favicon;
 			if (favicon) updates.faviconUrl = favicon;
 			if (themeColor) updates.themeColor = themeColor;
-	
+
 			await this.federatedInstanceService.update(instance.id, updates);
-	
+
 			this.logger.succ(`Successfuly updated metadata of ${instance.host}`);
 		} catch (e) {
 			this.logger.error(`Failed to update metadata of ${instance.host}: ${e}`);
 		} finally {
-			unlock();
+			await this.unlock(host);
 		}
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async fetchNodeinfo(instance: Instance): Promise<NodeInfo> {
 		this.logger.info(`Fetching nodeinfo of ${instance.host} ...`);
-	
+
 		try {
 			const wellknown = await this.httpRequestService.getJson('https://' + instance.host + '/.well-known/nodeinfo')
 				.catch(err => {
@@ -121,33 +130,33 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 						throw err.statusCode ?? err.message;
 					}
 				}) as Record<string, unknown>;
-	
+
 			if (wellknown.links == null || !Array.isArray(wellknown.links)) {
 				throw new Error('No wellknown links');
 			}
-	
+
 			const links = wellknown.links as any[];
-	
+
 			const lnik1_0 = links.find(link => link.rel === 'http://nodeinfo.diaspora.software/ns/schema/1.0');
 			const lnik2_0 = links.find(link => link.rel === 'http://nodeinfo.diaspora.software/ns/schema/2.0');
 			const lnik2_1 = links.find(link => link.rel === 'http://nodeinfo.diaspora.software/ns/schema/2.1');
 			const link = lnik2_1 ?? lnik2_0 ?? lnik1_0;
-	
+
 			if (link == null) {
 				throw new Error('No nodeinfo link provided');
 			}
-	
+
 			const info = await this.httpRequestService.getJson(link.href)
 				.catch(err => {
 					throw err.statusCode ?? err.message;
 				});
-	
+
 			this.logger.succ(`Successfuly fetched nodeinfo of ${instance.host}`);
-	
+
 			return info as NodeInfo;
 		} catch (err) {
 			this.logger.error(`Failed to fetch nodeinfo of ${instance.host}: ${err}`);
-	
+
 			throw err;
 		}
 	}
@@ -155,51 +164,51 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 	@bindThis
 	private async fetchDom(instance: Instance): Promise<DOMWindow['document']> {
 		this.logger.info(`Fetching HTML of ${instance.host} ...`);
-	
+
 		const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
-	
+
 		const html = await this.httpRequestService.getHtml(url);
-	
+
 		const { window } = new JSDOM(html);
 		const doc = window.document;
-	
+
 		return doc;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async fetchManifest(instance: Instance): Promise<Record<string, unknown> | null> {
 		const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
-	
+
 		const manifestUrl = url + '/manifest.json';
-	
+
 		const manifest = await this.httpRequestService.getJson(manifestUrl) as Record<string, unknown>;
-	
+
 		return manifest;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async fetchFaviconUrl(instance: Instance, doc: DOMWindow['document'] | null): Promise<string | null> {
 		const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
-	
+
 		if (doc) {
 			// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/8220#issuecomment-1025104043
 			const href = Array.from(doc.getElementsByTagName('link')).reverse().find(link => link.relList.contains('icon'))?.href;
-	
+
 			if (href) {
 				return (new URL(href, url)).href;
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		const faviconUrl = url + '/favicon.ico';
-	
+
 		const favicon = await this.httpRequestService.send(faviconUrl, {
 			method: 'HEAD',
 		}, { throwErrorWhenResponseNotOk: false });
-	
+
 		if (favicon.ok) {
 			return faviconUrl;
 		}
-	
+
 		return null;
 	}
 
@@ -209,38 +218,38 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 			const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
 			return (new URL(manifest.icons[0].src, url)).href;
 		}
-	
+
 		if (doc) {
 			const url = 'https://' + instance.host;
-	
+
 			// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/8220#issuecomment-1025104043
 			const links = Array.from(doc.getElementsByTagName('link')).reverse();
 			// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/8220/files/0ec4eba22a914e31b86874f12448f88b3e58dd5a#r796487559
-			const href = 
+			const href =
 				[
 					links.find(link => link.relList.contains('apple-touch-icon-precomposed'))?.href,
 					links.find(link => link.relList.contains('apple-touch-icon'))?.href,
 					links.find(link => link.relList.contains('icon'))?.href,
 				]
 					.find(href => href);
-	
+
 			if (href) {
 				return (new URL(href, url)).href;
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		return null;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async getThemeColor(info: NodeInfo | null, doc: DOMWindow['document'] | null, manifest: Record<string, any> | null): Promise<string | null> {
 		const themeColor = info?.metadata?.themeColor ?? doc?.querySelector('meta[name="theme-color"]')?.getAttribute('content') ?? manifest?.theme_color;
-	
+
 		if (themeColor) {
 			const color = new tinycolor(themeColor);
 			if (color.isValid()) return color.toHexString();
 		}
-	
+
 		return null;
 	}
 
@@ -253,19 +262,19 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 				return info.metadata.name;
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		if (doc) {
 			const og = doc.querySelector('meta[property="og:title"]')?.getAttribute('content');
-	
+
 			if (og) {
 				return og;
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		if (manifest) {
 			return manifest.name ?? manifest.short_name;
 		}
-	
+
 		return null;
 	}
 
@@ -278,23 +287,23 @@ export class FetchInstanceMetadataService {
 				return info.metadata.description;
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		if (doc) {
 			const meta = doc.querySelector('meta[name="description"]')?.getAttribute('content');
 			if (meta) {
 				return meta;
 			}
-	
+
 			const og = doc.querySelector('meta[property="og:description"]')?.getAttribute('content');
 			if (og) {
 				return og;
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		if (manifest) {
 			return manifest.name ?? manifest.short_name;
 		}
-	
+
 		return null;
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/FileInfoService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/FileInfoService.ts
index b6cae5ea75..d43575b336 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/FileInfoService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/FileInfoService.ts
@@ -161,20 +161,20 @@ export class FileInfoService {
 	private async detectSensitivity(source: string, mime: string, sensitiveThreshold: number, sensitiveThresholdForPorn: number, analyzeVideo: boolean): Promise<[sensitive: boolean, porn: boolean]> {
 		let sensitive = false;
 		let porn = false;
-	
+
 		function judgePrediction(result: readonly predictionType[]): [sensitive: boolean, porn: boolean] {
 			let sensitive = false;
 			let porn = false;
-	
+
 			if ((result.find(x => x.className === 'Sexy')?.probability ?? 0) > sensitiveThreshold) sensitive = true;
 			if ((result.find(x => x.className === 'Hentai')?.probability ?? 0) > sensitiveThreshold) sensitive = true;
 			if ((result.find(x => x.className === 'Porn')?.probability ?? 0) > sensitiveThreshold) sensitive = true;
-	
+
 			if ((result.find(x => x.className === 'Porn')?.probability ?? 0) > sensitiveThresholdForPorn) porn = true;
-	
+
 			return [sensitive, porn];
 		}
-	
+
 		if ([
 			'image/jpeg',
 			'image/png',
@@ -253,10 +253,10 @@ export class FileInfoService {
 				disposeOutDir();
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		return [sensitive, porn];
 	}
-	
+
 	private async *asyncIterateFrames(cwd: string, command: FFmpeg.FfmpegCommand): AsyncGenerator<string, void> {
 		const watcher = new FSWatcher({
 			cwd,
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ export class FileInfoService {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	private exists(path: string): Promise<boolean> {
 		return fs.promises.access(path).then(() => true, () => false);
@@ -304,11 +304,11 @@ export class FileInfoService {
 	@bindThis
 	public fixMime(mime: string | fileType.MimeType): string {
 		// see https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/10686
-		if (mime === "audio/x-flac") {
-			return "audio/flac";
+		if (mime === 'audio/x-flac') {
+			return 'audio/flac';
 		}
-		if (mime === "audio/vnd.wave") {
-			return "audio/wav";
+		if (mime === 'audio/vnd.wave') {
+			return 'audio/wav';
 		}
 
 		return mime;
@@ -355,11 +355,12 @@ export class FileInfoService {
 	 * Check the file is SVG or not
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async checkSvg(path: string) {
+	public async checkSvg(path: string): Promise<boolean> {
 		try {
 			const size = await this.getFileSize(path);
 			if (size > 1 * 1024 * 1024) return false;
-			return isSvg(fs.readFileSync(path));
+			const buffer = await fs.promises.readFile(path);
+			return isSvg(buffer.toString());
 		} catch {
 			return false;
 		}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/GlobalEventService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/GlobalEventService.ts
index 0ed5241148..19d9370083 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/GlobalEventService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/GlobalEventService.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import type { Packed } from '@/misc/json-schema.js';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
-import { Role } from '@/models';
+import { Role } from '@/models/index.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class GlobalEventService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/HttpRequestService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/HttpRequestService.ts
index 375aa846cb..3bb999ff8b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/HttpRequestService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/HttpRequestService.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as http from 'node:http';
 import * as https from 'node:https';
+import * as net from 'node:net';
 import CacheableLookup from 'cacheable-lookup';
 import fetch from 'node-fetch';
 import { HttpProxyAgent, HttpsProxyAgent } from 'hpagent';
@@ -42,21 +43,21 @@ export class HttpRequestService {
 			errorTtl: 30,	// 30secs
 			lookup: false,	// nativeのdns.lookupにfallbackしない
 		});
-		
+
 		this.http = new http.Agent({
 			keepAlive: true,
 			keepAliveMsecs: 30 * 1000,
-			lookup: cache.lookup,
-		} as http.AgentOptions);
-		
+			lookup: cache.lookup as unknown as net.LookupFunction,
+		});
+
 		this.https = new https.Agent({
 			keepAlive: true,
 			keepAliveMsecs: 30 * 1000,
-			lookup: cache.lookup,
-		} as https.AgentOptions);
-		
+			lookup: cache.lookup as unknown as net.LookupFunction,
+		});
+
 		const maxSockets = Math.max(256, config.deliverJobConcurrency ?? 128);
-		
+
 		this.httpAgent = config.proxy
 			? new HttpProxyAgent({
 				keepAlive: true,
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ export class HttpRequestService {
 			method: args.method ?? 'GET',
 			headers: {
 				'User-Agent': this.config.userAgent,
-				...(args.headers ?? {})
+				...(args.headers ?? {}),
 			},
 			body: args.body,
 			size: args.size ?? 10 * 1024 * 1024,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/IdService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/IdService.ts
index 8aa6ccfc4e..4d129407cb 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/IdService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/IdService.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import { genAid, parseAid } from '@/misc/id/aid.js';
 import { genMeid, parseMeid } from '@/misc/id/meid.js';
 import { genMeidg, parseMeidg } from '@/misc/id/meidg.js';
-import { genObjectId } from '@/misc/id/object-id.js';
+import { genObjectId, parseObjectId } from '@/misc/id/object-id.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { parseUlid } from '@/misc/id/ulid.js';
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export class IdService {
 	@bindThis
 	public genId(date?: Date): string {
 		if (!date || (date > new Date())) date = new Date();
-	
+
 		switch (this.method) {
 			case 'aid': return genAid(date);
 			case 'meid': return genMeid(date);
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ export class IdService {
 	public parse(id: string): { date: Date; } {
 		switch (this.method) {
 			case 'aid': return parseAid(id);
-			case 'objectid':
+			case 'objectid': return parseObjectId(id);
 			case 'meid': return parseMeid(id);
 			case 'meidg': return parseMeidg(id);
 			case 'ulid': return parseUlid(id);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/InstanceActorService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/InstanceActorService.ts
index 4fb3fc5b4f..2e047dc5c1 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/InstanceActorService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/InstanceActorService.ts
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ export class InstanceActorService {
 	public async getInstanceActor(): Promise<LocalUser> {
 		const cached = this.cache.get();
 		if (cached) return cached;
-	
+
 		const user = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({
 			host: IsNull(),
 			username: ACTOR_USERNAME,
 		}) as LocalUser | undefined;
-	
+
 		if (user) {
 			this.cache.set(user);
 			return user;
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/LoggerService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/LoggerService.ts
index 441c254f48..14df9aa40c 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/LoggerService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/LoggerService.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import Logger from '@/logger.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
-import type { KEYWORD } from 'color-convert/conversions';
+import type { KEYWORD } from 'color-convert/conversions.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class LoggerService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/MetaService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/MetaService.ts
index 5acc9ad9ad..aae0a9134b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/MetaService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/MetaService.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export class MetaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	@bindThis
 	public async fetch(noCache = false): Promise<Meta> {
 		if (!noCache && this.cache) return this.cache;
-	
+
 		return await this.db.transaction(async transactionalEntityManager => {
 			// 過去のバグでレコードが複数出来てしまっている可能性があるので新しいIDを優先する
 			const metas = await transactionalEntityManager.find(Meta, {
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ export class MetaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 					id: 'DESC',
 				},
 			});
-	
+
 			const meta = metas[0];
-	
+
 			if (meta) {
 				this.cache = meta;
 				return meta;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export class MetaService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 						['id'],
 					)
 					.then((x) => transactionalEntityManager.findOneByOrFail(Meta, x.identifiers[0]));
-	
+
 				this.cache = saved;
 				return saved;
 			}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/MfmService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/MfmService.ts
index dffee16e08..38aaa84524 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/MfmService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/MfmService.ts
@@ -27,29 +27,29 @@ export class MfmService {
 	public fromHtml(html: string, hashtagNames?: string[]): string {
 		// some AP servers like Pixelfed use br tags as well as newlines
 		html = html.replace(/<br\s?\/?>\r?\n/gi, '\n');
-	
+
 		const dom = parse5.parseFragment(html);
-	
+
 		let text = '';
-	
+
 		for (const n of dom.childNodes) {
 			analyze(n);
 		}
-	
+
 		return text.trim();
-	
+
 		function getText(node: TreeAdapter.Node): string {
 			if (treeAdapter.isTextNode(node)) return node.value;
 			if (!treeAdapter.isElementNode(node)) return '';
 			if (node.nodeName === 'br') return '\n';
-	
+
 			if (node.childNodes) {
 				return node.childNodes.map(n => getText(n)).join('');
 			}
-	
+
 			return '';
 		}
-	
+
 		function appendChildren(childNodes: TreeAdapter.ChildNode[]): void {
 			if (childNodes) {
 				for (const n of childNodes) {
@@ -57,35 +57,35 @@ export class MfmService {
 				}
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		function analyze(node: TreeAdapter.Node) {
 			if (treeAdapter.isTextNode(node)) {
 				text += node.value;
 				return;
 			}
-	
+
 			// Skip comment or document type node
 			if (!treeAdapter.isElementNode(node)) return;
-	
+
 			switch (node.nodeName) {
 				case 'br': {
 					text += '\n';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'a':
 				{
 					const txt = getText(node);
 					const rel = node.attrs.find(x => x.name === 'rel');
 					const href = node.attrs.find(x => x.name === 'href');
-	
+
 					// ハッシュタグ
 					if (hashtagNames && href && hashtagNames.map(x => x.toLowerCase()).includes(txt.toLowerCase())) {
 						text += txt;
 					// メンション
 					} else if (txt.startsWith('@') && !(rel && rel.value.startsWith('me '))) {
 						const part = txt.split('@');
-	
+
 						if (part.length === 2 && href) {
 							//#region ホスト名部分が省略されているので復元する
 							const acct = `${txt}@${(new URL(href.value)).hostname}`;
@@ -116,12 +116,12 @@ export class MfmService {
 								return `[${txt}](${href.value})`;
 							}
 						};
-	
+
 						text += generateLink();
 					}
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'h1':
 				{
 					text += '【';
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					text += '】\n';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'b':
 				case 'strong':
 				{
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					text += '**';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'small':
 				{
 					text += '<small>';
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					text += '</small>';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 's':
 				case 'del':
 				{
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					text += '~~';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'i':
 				case 'em':
 				{
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					text += '</i>';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				// block code (<pre><code>)
 				case 'pre': {
 					if (node.childNodes.length === 1 && node.childNodes[0].nodeName === 'code') {
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					}
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				// inline code (<code>)
 				case 'code': {
 					text += '`';
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					text += '`';
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'blockquote': {
 					const t = getText(node);
 					if (t) {
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					}
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				case 'p':
 				case 'h2':
 				case 'h3':
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					appendChildren(node.childNodes);
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				// other block elements
 				case 'div':
 				case 'header':
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ export class MfmService {
 					appendChildren(node.childNodes);
 					break;
 				}
-	
+
 				default:	// includes inline elements
 				{
 					appendChildren(node.childNodes);
@@ -234,48 +234,48 @@ export class MfmService {
 		if (nodes == null) {
 			return null;
 		}
-	
+
 		const { window } = new Window();
-	
+
 		const doc = window.document;
-	
+
 		function appendChildren(children: mfm.MfmNode[], targetElement: any): void {
 			if (children) {
 				for (const child of children.map(x => (handlers as any)[x.type](x))) targetElement.appendChild(child);
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		const handlers: { [K in mfm.MfmNode['type']]: (node: mfm.NodeType<K>) => any } = {
 			bold: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('b');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			small: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('small');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			strike: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('del');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			italic: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('i');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			fn: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('i');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			blockCode: (node) => {
 				const pre = doc.createElement('pre');
 				const inner = doc.createElement('code');
@@ -283,21 +283,21 @@ export class MfmService {
 				pre.appendChild(inner);
 				return pre;
 			},
-	
+
 			center: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('div');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			emojiCode: (node) => {
 				return doc.createTextNode(`\u200B:${node.props.name}:\u200B`);
 			},
-	
+
 			unicodeEmoji: (node) => {
 				return doc.createTextNode(node.props.emoji);
 			},
-	
+
 			hashtag: (node) => {
 				const a = doc.createElement('a');
 				a.setAttribute('href', `${this.config.url}/tags/${node.props.hashtag}`);
@@ -305,32 +305,32 @@ export class MfmService {
 				a.setAttribute('rel', 'tag');
 				return a;
 			},
-	
+
 			inlineCode: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('code');
 				el.textContent = node.props.code;
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			mathInline: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('code');
 				el.textContent = node.props.formula;
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			mathBlock: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('code');
 				el.textContent = node.props.formula;
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			link: (node) => {
 				const a = doc.createElement('a');
 				a.setAttribute('href', node.props.url);
 				appendChildren(node.children, a);
 				return a;
 			},
-	
+
 			mention: (node) => {
 				const a = doc.createElement('a');
 				const { username, host, acct } = node.props;
@@ -340,47 +340,47 @@ export class MfmService {
 				a.textContent = acct;
 				return a;
 			},
-	
+
 			quote: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('blockquote');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			text: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('span');
 				const nodes = node.props.text.split(/\r\n|\r|\n/).map(x => doc.createTextNode(x));
-	
+
 				for (const x of intersperse<FIXME | 'br'>('br', nodes)) {
 					el.appendChild(x === 'br' ? doc.createElement('br') : x);
 				}
-	
+
 				return el;
 			},
-	
+
 			url: (node) => {
 				const a = doc.createElement('a');
 				a.setAttribute('href', node.props.url);
 				a.textContent = node.props.url;
 				return a;
 			},
-	
+
 			search: (node) => {
 				const a = doc.createElement('a');
 				a.setAttribute('href', `https://www.google.com/search?q=${node.props.query}`);
 				a.textContent = node.props.content;
 				return a;
 			},
-	
+
 			plain: (node) => {
 				const el = doc.createElement('span');
 				appendChildren(node.children, el);
 				return el;
 			},
 		};
-	
+
 		appendChildren(nodes, doc.body);
-	
+
 		return `<p>${doc.body.innerHTML}</p>`;
-	}	
+	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/NoteCreateService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/NoteCreateService.ts
index 1c8491bf57..648ff76483 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/NoteCreateService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/NoteCreateService.ts
@@ -570,12 +570,14 @@ export class NoteCreateService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			if (data.reply) {
 				// 通知
 				if (data.reply.userHost === null) {
-					const threadMuted = await this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.findOneBy({
-						userId: data.reply.userId,
-						threadId: data.reply.threadId ?? data.reply.id,
+					const isThreadMuted = await this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.exist({
+						where: {
+							userId: data.reply.userId,
+							threadId: data.reply.threadId ?? data.reply.id,
+						},
 					});
 
-					if (!threadMuted) {
+					if (!isThreadMuted) {
 						nm.push(data.reply.userId, 'reply');
 						this.globalEventService.publishMainStream(data.reply.userId, 'reply', noteObj);
 
@@ -672,7 +674,7 @@ export class NoteCreateService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 		// Register to search database
 		this.index(note);
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	private isSensitive(note: Option, sensitiveWord: string[]): boolean {
 		if (sensitiveWord.length > 0) {
@@ -712,12 +714,14 @@ export class NoteCreateService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	@bindThis
 	private async createMentionedEvents(mentionedUsers: MinimumUser[], note: Note, nm: NotificationManager) {
 		for (const u of mentionedUsers.filter(u => this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(u))) {
-			const threadMuted = await this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.findOneBy({
-				userId: u.id,
-				threadId: note.threadId ?? note.id,
+			const isThreadMuted = await this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.exist({
+				where: {
+					userId: u.id,
+					threadId: note.threadId ?? note.id,
+				},
 			});
 
-			if (threadMuted) {
+			if (isThreadMuted) {
 				continue;
 			}
 
@@ -758,7 +762,7 @@ export class NoteCreateService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	@bindThis
 	private index(note: Note) {
 		if (note.text == null && note.cw == null) return;
-		
+
 		this.searchService.indexNote(note);
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/NoteDeleteService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/NoteDeleteService.ts
index dd878f7bba..f77ea8aab4 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/NoteDeleteService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/NoteDeleteService.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { UserEntityService } from '@/core/entities/UserEntityService.js';
 import { NoteEntityService } from '@/core/entities/NoteEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { MetaService } from '@/core/MetaService.js';
+import { SearchService } from '@/core/SearchService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class NoteDeleteService {
@@ -41,11 +42,12 @@ export class NoteDeleteService {
 		private apRendererService: ApRendererService,
 		private apDeliverManagerService: ApDeliverManagerService,
 		private metaService: MetaService,
+		private searchService: SearchService,
 		private notesChart: NotesChart,
 		private perUserNotesChart: PerUserNotesChart,
 		private instanceChart: InstanceChart,
 	) {}
-	
+
 	/**
 	 * 投稿を削除します。
 	 * @param user 投稿者
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@ export class NoteDeleteService {
 	 */
 	async delete(user: { id: User['id']; uri: User['uri']; host: User['host']; isBot: User['isBot']; }, note: Note, quiet = false) {
 		const deletedAt = new Date();
+		const cascadingNotes = await this.findCascadingNotes(note);
 
 		// この投稿を除く指定したユーザーによる指定したノートのリノートが存在しないとき
 		if (note.renoteId && (await this.noteEntityService.countSameRenotes(user.id, note.renoteId, note.id)) === 0) {
@@ -88,8 +91,8 @@ export class NoteDeleteService {
 			}
 
 			// also deliever delete activity to cascaded notes
-			const cascadingNotes = (await this.findCascadingNotes(note)).filter(note => !note.localOnly); // filter out local-only notes
-			for (const cascadingNote of cascadingNotes) {
+			const federatedLocalCascadingNotes = (cascadingNotes).filter(note => !note.localOnly && note.userHost == null); // filter out local-only notes
+			for (const cascadingNote of federatedLocalCascadingNotes) {
 				if (!cascadingNote.user) continue;
 				if (!this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(cascadingNote.user)) continue;
 				const content = this.apRendererService.addContext(this.apRendererService.renderDelete(this.apRendererService.renderTombstone(`${this.config.url}/notes/${cascadingNote.id}`), cascadingNote.user));
@@ -114,6 +117,11 @@ export class NoteDeleteService {
 			}
 		}
 
+		for (const cascadingNote of cascadingNotes) {
+			this.searchService.unindexNote(cascadingNote);
+		}
+		this.searchService.unindexNote(note);
+
 		await this.notesRepository.delete({
 			id: note.id,
 			userId: user.id,
@@ -121,10 +129,8 @@ export class NoteDeleteService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	private async findCascadingNotes(note: Note) {
-		const cascadingNotes: Note[] = [];
-
-		const recursive = async (noteId: string) => {
+	private async findCascadingNotes(note: Note): Promise<Note[]> {
+		const recursive = async (noteId: string): Promise<Note[]> => {
 			const query = this.notesRepository.createQueryBuilder('note')
 				.where('note.replyId = :noteId', { noteId })
 				.orWhere(new Brackets(q => {
@@ -133,14 +139,16 @@ export class NoteDeleteService {
 				}))
 				.leftJoinAndSelect('note.user', 'user');
 			const replies = await query.getMany();
-			for (const reply of replies) {
-				cascadingNotes.push(reply);
-				await recursive(reply.id);
-			}
+
+			return [
+				replies,
+				...await Promise.all(replies.map(reply => recursive(reply.id))),
+			].flat();
 		};
-		await recursive(note.id);
 
-		return cascadingNotes.filter(note => note.userHost === null); // filter out non-local users
+		const cascadingNotes: Note[] = await recursive(note.id);
+
+		return cascadingNotes;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/NoteReadService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/NoteReadService.ts
index e57e57d310..52e9bd369a 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/NoteReadService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/NoteReadService.ts
@@ -43,11 +43,13 @@ export class NoteReadService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 		//#endregion
 
 		// スレッドミュート
-		const threadMute = await this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.findOneBy({
-			userId: userId,
-			threadId: note.threadId ?? note.id,
+		const isThreadMuted = await this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				userId: userId,
+				threadId: note.threadId ?? note.id,
+			},
 		});
-		if (threadMute) return;
+		if (isThreadMuted) return;
 
 		const unread = {
 			id: this.idService.genId(),
@@ -62,9 +64,9 @@ export class NoteReadService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 
 		// 2秒経っても既読にならなかったら「未読の投稿がありますよ」イベントを発行する
 		setTimeout(2000, 'unread note', { signal: this.#shutdownController.signal }).then(async () => {
-			const exist = await this.noteUnreadsRepository.findOneBy({ id: unread.id });
+			const exist = await this.noteUnreadsRepository.exist({ where: { id: unread.id } });
 
-			if (exist == null) return;
+			if (!exist) return;
 
 			if (params.isMentioned) {
 				this.globalEventService.publishMainStream(userId, 'unreadMention', note.id);
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ export class NoteReadService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			});
 
 			// TODO: ↓まとめてクエリしたい
-	
+
 			this.noteUnreadsRepository.countBy({
 				userId: userId,
 				isMentioned: true,
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ export class NoteReadService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 					this.globalEventService.publishMainStream(userId, 'readAllUnreadMentions');
 				}
 			});
-	
+
 			this.noteUnreadsRepository.countBy({
 				userId: userId,
 				isSpecified: true,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/NotificationService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/NotificationService.ts
index ed47165f7b..8e25f82284 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/NotificationService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/NotificationService.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export class NotificationService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 		force = false,
 	) {
 		const latestReadNotificationId = await this.redisClient.get(`latestReadNotification:${userId}`);
-		
+
 		const latestNotificationIdsRes = await this.redisClient.xrevrange(
 			`notificationTimeline:${userId}`,
 			'+',
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/PollService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/PollService.ts
index 368753d9a7..be19400052 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/PollService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/PollService.ts
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@ export class PollService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async vote(user: User, note: Note, choice: number) {
 		const poll = await this.pollsRepository.findOneBy({ noteId: note.id });
-	
+
 		if (poll == null) throw new Error('poll not found');
-	
+
 		// Check whether is valid choice
 		if (poll.choices[choice] == null) throw new Error('invalid choice param');
-	
+
 		// Check blocking
 		if (note.userId !== user.id) {
 			const blocked = await this.userBlockingService.checkBlocked(note.userId, user.id);
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ export class PollService {
 				throw new Error('blocked');
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		// if already voted
 		const exist = await this.pollVotesRepository.findBy({
 			noteId: note.id,
 			userId: user.id,
 		});
-	
+
 		if (poll.multiple) {
 			if (exist.some(x => x.choice === choice)) {
 				throw new Error('already voted');
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export class PollService {
 		} else if (exist.length !== 0) {
 			throw new Error('already voted');
 		}
-	
+
 		// Create vote
 		await this.pollVotesRepository.insert({
 			id: this.idService.genId(),
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ export class PollService {
 			userId: user.id,
 			choice: choice,
 		});
-	
+
 		// Increment votes count
 		const index = choice + 1; // In SQL, array index is 1 based
 		await this.pollsRepository.query(`UPDATE poll SET votes[${index}] = votes[${index}] + 1 WHERE "noteId" = '${poll.noteId}'`);
-	
+
 		this.globalEventService.publishNoteStream(note.id, 'pollVoted', {
 			choice: choice,
 			userId: user.id,
@@ -90,10 +90,10 @@ export class PollService {
 	public async deliverQuestionUpdate(noteId: Note['id']) {
 		const note = await this.notesRepository.findOneBy({ id: noteId });
 		if (note == null) throw new Error('note not found');
-	
+
 		const user = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ id: note.userId });
 		if (user == null) throw new Error('note not found');
-	
+
 		if (this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(user)) {
 			const content = this.apRendererService.addContext(this.apRendererService.renderUpdate(await this.apRendererService.renderNote(note, false), user));
 			this.apDeliverManagerService.deliverToFollowers(user, content);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/PushNotificationService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/PushNotificationService.ts
index 15a1d74878..e1c3d3943c 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/PushNotificationService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/PushNotificationService.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import push from 'web-push';
 import * as Redis from 'ioredis';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
-import type { Packed } from '@/misc/json-schema';
+import type { Packed } from '@/misc/json-schema.js';
 import { getNoteSummary } from '@/misc/get-note-summary.js';
 import type { SwSubscription, SwSubscriptionsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { MetaService } from '@/core/MetaService.js';
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ function truncateBody<T extends keyof PushNotificationsTypes>(type: T, body: Pus
 				...body.note,
 				// textをgetNoteSummaryしたものに置き換える
 				text: getNoteSummary(('type' in body && body.type === 'renote') ? body.note.renote as Packed<'Note'> : body.note),
-	
+
 				cw: undefined,
 				reply: undefined,
 				renote: undefined,
@@ -69,16 +69,16 @@ export class PushNotificationService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	@bindThis
 	public async pushNotification<T extends keyof PushNotificationsTypes>(userId: string, type: T, body: PushNotificationsTypes[T]) {
 		const meta = await this.metaService.fetch();
-	
+
 		if (!meta.enableServiceWorker || meta.swPublicKey == null || meta.swPrivateKey == null) return;
-	
+
 		// アプリケーションの連絡先と、サーバーサイドの鍵ペアの情報を登録
 		push.setVapidDetails(this.config.url,
 			meta.swPublicKey,
 			meta.swPrivateKey);
-	
+
 		const subscriptions = await this.subscriptionsCache.fetch(userId);
-	
+
 		for (const subscription of subscriptions) {
 			if ([
 				'readAllNotifications',
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export class PushNotificationService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 				//swLogger.info(err.statusCode);
 				//swLogger.info(err.headers);
 				//swLogger.info(err.body);
-	
+
 				if (err.statusCode === 410) {
 					this.swSubscriptionsRepository.delete({
 						userId: userId,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/QueryService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/QueryService.ts
index bf50a1cded..435d5d2389 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/QueryService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/QueryService.ts
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ export class QueryService {
 			q.orderBy(`${q.alias}.id`, 'DESC');
 		}
 		return q;
-	}	
-	
+	}
+
 	// ここでいうBlockedは被Blockedの意
 	@bindThis
 	public generateBlockedUserQuery(q: SelectQueryBuilder<any>, me: { id: User['id'] }): void {
@@ -109,18 +109,18 @@ export class QueryService {
 			q.andWhere('note.channelId IS NULL');
 		} else {
 			q.leftJoinAndSelect('note.channel', 'channel');
-	
+
 			const channelFollowingQuery = this.channelFollowingsRepository.createQueryBuilder('channelFollowing')
 				.select('channelFollowing.followeeId')
 				.where('channelFollowing.followerId = :followerId', { followerId: me.id });
-	
+
 			q.andWhere(new Brackets(qb => { qb
 				// チャンネルのノートではない
 				.where('note.channelId IS NULL')
 				// または自分がフォローしているチャンネルのノート
 				.orWhere(`note.channelId IN (${ channelFollowingQuery.getQuery() })`);
 			}));
-	
+
 			q.setParameters(channelFollowingQuery.getParameters());
 		}
 	}
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ export class QueryService {
 		const mutedQuery = this.mutedNotesRepository.createQueryBuilder('muted')
 			.select('muted.noteId')
 			.where('muted.userId = :userId', { userId: me.id });
-	
+
 		q.andWhere(`note.id NOT IN (${ mutedQuery.getQuery() })`);
-	
+
 		q.setParameters(mutedQuery.getParameters());
 	}
 
@@ -141,13 +141,13 @@ export class QueryService {
 		const mutedQuery = this.noteThreadMutingsRepository.createQueryBuilder('threadMuted')
 			.select('threadMuted.threadId')
 			.where('threadMuted.userId = :userId', { userId: me.id });
-	
+
 		q.andWhere(`note.id NOT IN (${ mutedQuery.getQuery() })`);
 		q.andWhere(new Brackets(qb => { qb
 			.where('note.threadId IS NULL')
 			.orWhere(`note.threadId NOT IN (${ mutedQuery.getQuery() })`);
 		}));
-	
+
 		q.setParameters(mutedQuery.getParameters());
 	}
 
@@ -156,15 +156,15 @@ export class QueryService {
 		const mutingQuery = this.mutingsRepository.createQueryBuilder('muting')
 			.select('muting.muteeId')
 			.where('muting.muterId = :muterId', { muterId: me.id });
-	
+
 		if (exclude) {
 			mutingQuery.andWhere('muting.muteeId != :excludeId', { excludeId: exclude.id });
 		}
-	
+
 		const mutingInstanceQuery = this.userProfilesRepository.createQueryBuilder('user_profile')
 			.select('user_profile.mutedInstances')
 			.where('user_profile.userId = :muterId', { muterId: me.id });
-	
+
 		// 投稿の作者をミュートしていない かつ
 		// 投稿の返信先の作者をミュートしていない かつ
 		// 投稿の引用元の作者をミュートしていない
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ export class QueryService {
 				.where('note.renoteUserHost IS NULL')
 				.orWhere(`NOT ((${ mutingInstanceQuery.getQuery() })::jsonb ? note.renoteUserHost)`);
 			}));
-	
+
 		q.setParameters(mutingQuery.getParameters());
 		q.setParameters(mutingInstanceQuery.getParameters());
 	}
@@ -201,9 +201,9 @@ export class QueryService {
 		const mutingQuery = this.mutingsRepository.createQueryBuilder('muting')
 			.select('muting.muteeId')
 			.where('muting.muterId = :muterId', { muterId: me.id });
-	
+
 		q.andWhere(`user.id NOT IN (${ mutingQuery.getQuery() })`);
-	
+
 		q.setParameters(mutingQuery.getParameters());
 	}
 
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ export class QueryService {
 			const followingQuery = this.followingsRepository.createQueryBuilder('following')
 				.select('following.followeeId')
 				.where('following.followerId = :meId');
-	
+
 			q.andWhere(new Brackets(qb => { qb
 				// 公開投稿である
 				.where(new Brackets(qb => { qb
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ export class QueryService {
 					}));
 				}));
 			}));
-	
+
 			q.setParameters({ meId: me.id });
 		}
 	}
@@ -278,10 +278,10 @@ export class QueryService {
 		const mutingQuery = this.renoteMutingsRepository.createQueryBuilder('renote_muting')
 			.select('renote_muting.muteeId')
 			.where('renote_muting.muterId = :muterId', { muterId: me.id });
-	
+
 		q.andWhere(new Brackets(qb => {
 			qb
-				.where(new Brackets(qb => { 
+				.where(new Brackets(qb => {
 					qb.where('note.renoteId IS NOT NULL');
 					qb.andWhere('note.text IS NULL');
 					qb.andWhere(`note.userId NOT IN (${ mutingQuery.getQuery() })`);
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ export class QueryService {
 				.orWhere('note.renoteId IS NULL')
 				.orWhere('note.text IS NOT NULL');
 		}));
-		
+
 		q.setParameters(mutingQuery.getParameters());
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/QueueService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/QueueService.ts
index 2ae8a2b754..546b4cee1b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/QueueService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/QueueService.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
+import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid';
 import type { IActivity } from '@/core/activitypub/type.js';
 import type { DriveFile } from '@/models/entities/DriveFile.js';
 import type { Webhook, webhookEventTypes } from '@/models/entities/Webhook.js';
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import type { Antenna } from '@/server/api/endpoints/i/import-antennas.js';
 import type { DbQueue, DeliverQueue, EndedPollNotificationQueue, InboxQueue, ObjectStorageQueue, RelationshipQueue, SystemQueue, WebhookDeliverQueue } from './QueueModule.js';
-import type { DbJobData, RelationshipJobData, ThinUser } from '../queue/types.js';
+import type { DbJobData, DeliverJobData, RelationshipJobData, ThinUser } from '../queue/types.js';
 import type httpSignature from '@peertube/http-signature';
 import type * as Bull from 'bullmq';
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ export class QueueService {
 		if (content == null) return null;
 		if (to == null) return null;
 
-		const data = {
+		const data: DeliverJobData = {
 			user: {
 				id: user.id,
 			},
@@ -88,6 +88,40 @@ export class QueueService {
 		});
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * ApDeliverManager-DeliverManager.execute()からinboxesを突っ込んでaddBulkしたい
+	 * @param user `{ id: string; }` この関数ではThinUserに変換しないので前もって変換してください
+	 * @param content IActivity | null
+	 * @param inboxes `Map<string, boolean>` / key: to (inbox url), value: isSharedInbox (whether it is sharedInbox)
+	 * @returns void
+	 */
+	@bindThis
+	public async deliverMany(user: ThinUser, content: IActivity | null, inboxes: Map<string, boolean>) {
+		if (content == null) return null;
+
+		const opts = {
+			attempts: this.config.deliverJobMaxAttempts ?? 12,
+			backoff: {
+				type: 'custom',
+			},
+			removeOnComplete: true,
+			removeOnFail: true,
+		};
+
+		await this.deliverQueue.addBulk(Array.from(inboxes.entries(), d => ({
+			name: d[0],
+			data: {
+				user,
+				content,
+				to: d[0],
+				isSharedInbox: d[1],
+			} as DeliverJobData,
+			opts,
+		})));
+
+		return;
+	}
+
 	@bindThis
 	public inbox(activity: IActivity, signature: httpSignature.IParsedSignature) {
 		const data = {
@@ -382,7 +416,7 @@ export class QueueService {
 			to: webhook.url,
 			secret: webhook.secret,
 			createdAt: Date.now(),
-			eventId: uuid(),
+			eventId: randomUUID(),
 		};
 
 		return this.webhookDeliverQueue.add(webhook.id, data, {
@@ -400,11 +434,11 @@ export class QueueService {
 		this.deliverQueue.once('cleaned', (jobs, status) => {
 			//deliverLogger.succ(`Cleaned ${jobs.length} ${status} jobs`);
 		});
-		this.deliverQueue.clean(0, Infinity, 'delayed');
+		this.deliverQueue.clean(0, 0, 'delayed');
 
 		this.inboxQueue.once('cleaned', (jobs, status) => {
 			//inboxLogger.succ(`Cleaned ${jobs.length} ${status} jobs`);
 		});
-		this.inboxQueue.clean(0, Infinity, 'delayed');
+		this.inboxQueue.clean(0, 0, 'delayed');
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/RelayService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/RelayService.ts
index 9d34d82be2..c0113a21d7 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/RelayService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/RelayService.ts
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ export class RelayService {
 			host: IsNull(),
 			username: ACTOR_USERNAME,
 		});
-	
+
 		if (user) return user as LocalUser;
-	
+
 		const created = await this.createSystemUserService.createSystemUser(ACTOR_USERNAME);
 		return created as LocalUser;
 	}
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ export class RelayService {
 			inbox,
 			status: 'requesting',
 		}).then(x => this.relaysRepository.findOneByOrFail(x.identifiers[0]));
-	
+
 		const relayActor = await this.getRelayActor();
 		const follow = await this.apRendererService.renderFollowRelay(relay, relayActor);
 		const activity = this.apRendererService.addContext(follow);
 		this.queueService.deliver(relayActor, activity, relay.inbox, false);
-	
+
 		return relay;
 	}
 
@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@ export class RelayService {
 		const relay = await this.relaysRepository.findOneBy({
 			inbox,
 		});
-	
+
 		if (relay == null) {
 			throw new Error('relay not found');
 		}
-	
+
 		const relayActor = await this.getRelayActor();
 		const follow = this.apRendererService.renderFollowRelay(relay, relayActor);
 		const undo = this.apRendererService.renderUndo(follow, relayActor);
 		const activity = this.apRendererService.addContext(undo);
 		this.queueService.deliver(relayActor, activity, relay.inbox, false);
-	
+
 		await this.relaysRepository.delete(relay.id);
 	}
 
@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ export class RelayService {
 		const relays = await this.relaysRepository.find();
 		return relays;
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	public async relayAccepted(id: string): Promise<string> {
 		const result = await this.relaysRepository.update(id, {
 			status: 'accepted',
 		});
-	
+
 		return JSON.stringify(result);
 	}
 
@@ -101,24 +101,24 @@ export class RelayService {
 		const result = await this.relaysRepository.update(id, {
 			status: 'rejected',
 		});
-	
+
 		return JSON.stringify(result);
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
 	public async deliverToRelays(user: { id: User['id']; host: null; }, activity: any): Promise<void> {
 		if (activity == null) return;
-	
+
 		const relays = await this.relaysCache.fetch(() => this.relaysRepository.findBy({
 			status: 'accepted',
 		}));
 		if (relays.length === 0) return;
-	
+
 		const copy = deepClone(activity);
 		if (!copy.to) copy.to = ['https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public'];
-	
+
 		const signed = await this.apRendererService.attachLdSignature(copy, user);
-	
+
 		for (const relay of relays) {
 			this.queueService.deliver(user, signed, relay.inbox, false);
 		}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/RemoteUserResolveService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/RemoteUserResolveService.ts
index ff68c24219..e19a245e18 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/RemoteUserResolveService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/RemoteUserResolveService.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ import type { LocalUser, RemoteUser } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import type Logger from '@/logger.js';
 import { UtilityService } from '@/core/UtilityService.js';
-import { WebfingerService } from '@/core/WebfingerService.js';
+import { ILink, WebfingerService } from '@/core/WebfingerService.js';
 import { RemoteLoggerService } from '@/core/RemoteLoggerService.js';
+import { ApDbResolverService } from '@/core/activitypub/ApDbResolverService.js';
 import { ApPersonService } from '@/core/activitypub/models/ApPersonService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ export class RemoteUserResolveService {
 		private utilityService: UtilityService,
 		private webfingerService: WebfingerService,
 		private remoteLoggerService: RemoteLoggerService,
+		private apDbResolverService: ApDbResolverService,
 		private apPersonService: ApPersonService,
 	) {
 		this.logger = this.remoteLoggerService.logger.createSubLogger('resolve-user');
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ export class RemoteUserResolveService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async resolveUser(username: string, host: string | null): Promise<LocalUser | RemoteUser> {
 		const usernameLower = username.toLowerCase();
-	
+
 		if (host == null) {
 			this.logger.info(`return local user: ${usernameLower}`);
 			return await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ usernameLower, host: IsNull() }).then(u => {
@@ -46,9 +48,9 @@ export class RemoteUserResolveService {
 				}
 			}) as LocalUser;
 		}
-	
+
 		host = this.utilityService.toPuny(host);
-	
+
 		if (this.config.host === host) {
 			this.logger.info(`return local user: ${usernameLower}`);
 			return await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ usernameLower, host: IsNull() }).then(u => {
@@ -59,39 +61,55 @@ export class RemoteUserResolveService {
 				}
 			}) as LocalUser;
 		}
-	
+
 		const user = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ usernameLower, host }) as RemoteUser | null;
-	
+
 		const acctLower = `${usernameLower}@${host}`;
-	
+
 		if (user == null) {
 			const self = await this.resolveSelf(acctLower);
-	
+
+			if (self.href.startsWith(this.config.url)) {
+				const local = this.apDbResolverService.parseUri(self.href);
+				if (local.local && local.type === 'users') {
+					// the LR points to local
+					return (await this.apDbResolverService
+						.getUserFromApId(self.href)
+						.then((u) => {
+							if (u == null) {
+								throw new Error('local user not found');
+							} else {
+								return u;
+							}
+						})) as LocalUser;
+				}
+			}
+
 			this.logger.succ(`return new remote user: ${chalk.magenta(acctLower)}`);
 			return await this.apPersonService.createPerson(self.href);
 		}
-	
-		// ユーザー情報が古い場合は、WebFilgerからやりなおして返す
+
+		// ユーザー情報が古い場合は、WebFingerからやりなおして返す
 		if (user.lastFetchedAt == null || Date.now() - user.lastFetchedAt.getTime() > 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24) {
 			// 繋がらないインスタンスに何回も試行するのを防ぐ, 後続の同様処理の連続試行を防ぐ ため 試行前にも更新する
 			await this.usersRepository.update(user.id, {
 				lastFetchedAt: new Date(),
 			});
-	
+
 			this.logger.info(`try resync: ${acctLower}`);
 			const self = await this.resolveSelf(acctLower);
-	
+
 			if (user.uri !== self.href) {
 				// if uri mismatch, Fix (user@host <=> AP's Person id(RemoteUser.uri)) mapping.
 				this.logger.info(`uri missmatch: ${acctLower}`);
 				this.logger.info(`recovery missmatch uri for (username=${username}, host=${host}) from ${user.uri} to ${self.href}`);
-	
+
 				// validate uri
 				const uri = new URL(self.href);
 				if (uri.hostname !== host) {
 					throw new Error('Invalid uri');
 				}
-	
+
 				await this.usersRepository.update({
 					usernameLower,
 					host: host,
@@ -101,9 +119,9 @@ export class RemoteUserResolveService {
 			} else {
 				this.logger.info(`uri is fine: ${acctLower}`);
 			}
-	
+
 			await this.apPersonService.updatePerson(self.href);
-	
+
 			this.logger.info(`return resynced remote user: ${acctLower}`);
 			return await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ uri: self.href }).then(u => {
 				if (u == null) {
@@ -113,13 +131,13 @@ export class RemoteUserResolveService {
 				}
 			});
 		}
-	
+
 		this.logger.info(`return existing remote user: ${acctLower}`);
 		return user;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	private async resolveSelf(acctLower: string) {
+	private async resolveSelf(acctLower: string): Promise<ILink> {
 		this.logger.info(`WebFinger for ${chalk.yellow(acctLower)}`);
 		const finger = await this.webfingerService.webfinger(acctLower).catch(err => {
 			this.logger.error(`Failed to WebFinger for ${chalk.yellow(acctLower)}: ${ err.statusCode ?? err.message }`);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/RoleService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/RoleService.ts
index 79922d0a87..d065b460c6 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/RoleService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/RoleService.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { UserEntityService } from '@/core/entities/UserEntityService.js';
 import { StreamMessages } from '@/server/api/stream/types.js';
 import { IdService } from '@/core/IdService.js';
 import { GlobalEventService } from '@/core/GlobalEventService.js';
-import type { Packed } from '@/misc/json-schema';
+import type { Packed } from '@/misc/json-schema.js';
 import type { OnApplicationShutdown } from '@nestjs/common';
 
 export type RolePolicies = {
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ export type RolePolicies = {
 	ltlAvailable: boolean;
 	canPublicNote: boolean;
 	canInvite: boolean;
+	inviteLimit: number;
+	inviteLimitCycle: number;
+	inviteExpirationTime: number;
 	canManageCustomEmojis: boolean;
 	canSearchNotes: boolean;
 	canHideAds: boolean;
@@ -42,6 +45,9 @@ export const DEFAULT_POLICIES: RolePolicies = {
 	ltlAvailable: true,
 	canPublicNote: true,
 	canInvite: false,
+	inviteLimit: 0,
+	inviteLimitCycle: 60 * 24 * 7,
+	inviteExpirationTime: 0,
 	canManageCustomEmojis: false,
 	canSearchNotes: false,
 	canHideAds: false,
@@ -214,14 +220,19 @@ export class RoleService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async getUserRoles(userId: User['id']) {
+	public async getUserAssigns(userId: User['id']) {
 		const now = Date.now();
 		let assigns = await this.roleAssignmentByUserIdCache.fetch(userId, () => this.roleAssignmentsRepository.findBy({ userId }));
 		// 期限切れのロールを除外
 		assigns = assigns.filter(a => a.expiresAt == null || (a.expiresAt.getTime() > now));
-		const assignedRoleIds = assigns.map(x => x.roleId);
+		return assigns;
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
+	public async getUserRoles(userId: User['id']) {
 		const roles = await this.rolesCache.fetch(() => this.rolesRepository.findBy({}));
-		const assignedRoles = roles.filter(r => assignedRoleIds.includes(r.id));
+		const assigns = await this.getUserAssigns(userId);
+		const assignedRoles = roles.filter(r => assigns.map(x => x.roleId).includes(r.id));
 		const user = roles.some(r => r.target === 'conditional') ? await this.cacheService.findUserById(userId) : null;
 		const matchedCondRoles = roles.filter(r => r.target === 'conditional' && this.evalCond(user!, r.condFormula));
 		return [...assignedRoles, ...matchedCondRoles];
@@ -277,6 +288,9 @@ export class RoleService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			ltlAvailable: calc('ltlAvailable', vs => vs.some(v => v === true)),
 			canPublicNote: calc('canPublicNote', vs => vs.some(v => v === true)),
 			canInvite: calc('canInvite', vs => vs.some(v => v === true)),
+			inviteLimit: calc('inviteLimit', vs => Math.max(...vs)),
+			inviteLimitCycle: calc('inviteLimitCycle', vs => Math.max(...vs)),
+			inviteExpirationTime: calc('inviteExpirationTime', vs => Math.max(...vs)),
 			canManageCustomEmojis: calc('canManageCustomEmojis', vs => vs.some(v => v === true)),
 			canSearchNotes: calc('canSearchNotes', vs => vs.some(v => v === true)),
 			canHideAds: calc('canHideAds', vs => vs.some(v => v === true)),
@@ -392,7 +406,7 @@ export class RoleService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	@bindThis
 	public async unassign(userId: User['id'], roleId: Role['id']): Promise<void> {
 		const now = new Date();
-	
+
 		const existing = await this.roleAssignmentsRepository.findOneBy({ roleId, userId });
 		if (existing == null) {
 			throw new RoleService.NotAssignedError();
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/SearchService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/SearchService.ts
index 9502afcc9b..392799da75 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/SearchService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/SearchService.ts
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ function compileQuery(q: Q): string {
 
 @Injectable()
 export class SearchService {
+	private readonly meilisearchIndexScope: 'local' | 'global' | string[] = 'local';
 	private meilisearchNoteIndex: Index | null = null;
 
 	constructor(
@@ -92,6 +93,10 @@ export class SearchService {
 				},
 			});
 		}
+
+		if (config.meilisearch?.scope) {
+			this.meilisearchIndexScope = config.meilisearch.scope;
+		}
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
@@ -100,7 +105,22 @@ export class SearchService {
 		if (!['home', 'public'].includes(note.visibility)) return;
 
 		if (this.meilisearch) {
-			this.meilisearchNoteIndex!.addDocuments([{
+			switch (this.meilisearchIndexScope) {
+				case 'global':
+					break;
+
+				case 'local':
+					if (note.userHost == null) break;
+					return;
+
+				default: {
+					if (note.userHost == null) break;
+					if (this.meilisearchIndexScope.includes(note.userHost)) break;
+					return;
+				}
+			}
+
+			await this.meilisearchNoteIndex?.addDocuments([{
 				id: note.id,
 				createdAt: note.createdAt.getTime(),
 				userId: note.userId,
@@ -116,6 +136,15 @@ export class SearchService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
+	public async unindexNote(note: Note): Promise<void> {
+		if (!['home', 'public'].includes(note.visibility)) return;
+
+		if (this.meilisearch) {
+			this.meilisearchNoteIndex!.deleteDocument(note.id);
+		}
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
 	public async searchNote(q: string, me: User | null, opts: {
 		userId?: Note['userId'] | null;
 		channelId?: Note['channelId'] | null;
@@ -174,7 +203,7 @@ export class SearchService {
 			if (me) this.queryService.generateMutedUserQuery(query, me);
 			if (me) this.queryService.generateBlockedUserQuery(query, me);
 
-			return await query.take(pagination.limit).getMany();
+			return await query.limit(pagination.limit).getMany();
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/SignupService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/SignupService.ts
index 29eb65fda4..070a9a9e3e 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/SignupService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/SignupService.ts
@@ -50,33 +50,33 @@ export class SignupService {
 	}) {
 		const { username, password, passwordHash, host } = opts;
 		let hash = passwordHash;
-	
+
 		// Validate username
 		if (!this.userEntityService.validateLocalUsername(username)) {
 			throw new Error('INVALID_USERNAME');
 		}
-	
+
 		if (password != null && passwordHash == null) {
 			// Validate password
 			if (!this.userEntityService.validatePassword(password)) {
 				throw new Error('INVALID_PASSWORD');
 			}
-	
+
 			// Generate hash of password
 			const salt = await bcrypt.genSalt(8);
 			hash = await bcrypt.hash(password, salt);
 		}
-	
+
 		// Generate secret
 		const secret = generateUserToken();
-	
+
 		// Check username duplication
-		if (await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ usernameLower: username.toLowerCase(), host: IsNull() })) {
+		if (await this.usersRepository.exist({ where: { usernameLower: username.toLowerCase(), host: IsNull() } })) {
 			throw new Error('DUPLICATED_USERNAME');
 		}
-	
+
 		// Check deleted username duplication
-		if (await this.usedUsernamesRepository.findOneBy({ username: username.toLowerCase() })) {
+		if (await this.usedUsernamesRepository.exist({ where: { username: username.toLowerCase() } })) {
 			throw new Error('USED_USERNAME');
 		}
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export class SignupService {
 
 		const keyPair = await new Promise<string[]>((res, rej) =>
 			generateKeyPair('rsa', {
-				modulusLength: 4096,
+				modulusLength: 2048,
 				publicKeyEncoding: {
 					type: 'spki',
 					format: 'pem',
@@ -106,18 +106,18 @@ export class SignupService {
 			}, (err, publicKey, privateKey) =>
 				err ? rej(err) : res([publicKey, privateKey]),
 			));
-	
+
 		let account!: User;
-	
+
 		// Start transaction
 		await this.db.transaction(async transactionalEntityManager => {
 			const exist = await transactionalEntityManager.findOneBy(User, {
 				usernameLower: username.toLowerCase(),
 				host: IsNull(),
 			});
-	
+
 			if (exist) throw new Error(' the username is already used');
-	
+
 			account = await transactionalEntityManager.save(new User({
 				id: this.idService.genId(),
 				createdAt: new Date(),
@@ -127,27 +127,27 @@ export class SignupService {
 				token: secret,
 				isRoot: isTheFirstUser,
 			}));
-	
+
 			await transactionalEntityManager.save(new UserKeypair({
 				publicKey: keyPair[0],
 				privateKey: keyPair[1],
 				userId: account.id,
 			}));
-	
+
 			await transactionalEntityManager.save(new UserProfile({
 				userId: account.id,
 				autoAcceptFollowed: true,
 				password: hash,
 			}));
-	
+
 			await transactionalEntityManager.save(new UsedUsername({
 				createdAt: new Date(),
 				username: username.toLowerCase(),
 			}));
 		});
-	
+
 		this.usersChart.update(account, true);
-	
+
 		return { account, secret };
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/TwoFactorAuthenticationService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/TwoFactorAuthenticationService.ts
index dda78236e9..d4cf186a24 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/TwoFactorAuthenticationService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/TwoFactorAuthenticationService.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ function verifyCertificateChain(certificates: string[]) {
 
 		const certStruct = jsrsasign.ASN1HEX.getTLVbyList(certificate.hex!, 0, [0]);
 		if (certStruct == null) throw new Error('certStruct is null');
-		
+
 		const algorithm = certificate.getSignatureAlgorithmField();
 		const signatureHex = certificate.getSignatureValueHex();
 
@@ -143,19 +143,19 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 		if (clientData.type !== 'webauthn.get') {
 			throw new Error('type is not webauthn.get');
 		}
-	
+
 		if (this.hash(clientData.challenge).toString('hex') !== challenge) {
 			throw new Error('challenge mismatch');
 		}
 		if (clientData.origin !== this.config.scheme + '://' + this.config.host) {
 			throw new Error('origin mismatch');
 		}
-	
+
 		const verificationData = Buffer.concat(
 			[authenticatorData, this.hash(clientDataJSON)],
 			32 + authenticatorData.length,
 		);
-	
+
 		return crypto
 			.createVerify('SHA256')
 			.update(verificationData)
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 			none: {
 				verify({ publicKey }: { publicKey: Map<number, Buffer> }) {
 					const negTwo = publicKey.get(-2);
-		
+
 					if (!negTwo || negTwo.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -2 key given');
 					}
@@ -176,12 +176,12 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					if (!negThree || negThree.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -3 key given');
 					}
-		
+
 					const publicKeyU2F = Buffer.concat(
 						[ECC_PRELUDE, negTwo, negThree],
 						1 + 32 + 32,
 					);
-		
+
 					return {
 						publicKey: publicKeyU2F,
 						valid: true,
@@ -207,16 +207,16 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					if (attStmt.alg !== -7) {
 						throw new Error('alg mismatch');
 					}
-		
+
 					const verificationData = Buffer.concat([
 						authenticatorData,
 						clientDataHash,
 					]);
-		
+
 					const attCert: Buffer = attStmt.x5c[0];
-		
+
 					const negTwo = publicKey.get(-2);
-		
+
 					if (!negTwo || negTwo.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -2 key given');
 					}
@@ -224,23 +224,23 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					if (!negThree || negThree.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -3 key given');
 					}
-		
+
 					const publicKeyData = Buffer.concat(
 						[ECC_PRELUDE, negTwo, negThree],
 						1 + 32 + 32,
 					);
-		
+
 					if (!attCert.equals(publicKeyData)) {
 						throw new Error('public key mismatch');
 					}
-		
+
 					const isValid = crypto
 						.createVerify('SHA256')
 						.update(verificationData)
 						.verify(PEMString(attCert), attStmt.sig);
-		
+
 					// TODO: Check 'attestationChallenge' field in extension of cert matches hash(clientDataJSON)
-		
+
 					return {
 						valid: isValid,
 						publicKey: publicKeyData,
@@ -267,43 +267,43 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					const verificationData = this.hash(
 						Buffer.concat([authenticatorData, clientDataHash]),
 					);
-		
+
 					const jwsParts = attStmt.response.toString('utf-8').split('.');
-		
+
 					const header = JSON.parse(base64URLDecode(jwsParts[0]).toString('utf-8'));
 					const response = JSON.parse(
 						base64URLDecode(jwsParts[1]).toString('utf-8'),
 					);
 					const signature = jwsParts[2];
-		
+
 					if (!verificationData.equals(Buffer.from(response.nonce, 'base64'))) {
 						throw new Error('invalid nonce');
 					}
-		
+
 					const certificateChain = header.x5c
 						.map((key: any) => PEMString(key))
 						.concat([GSR2]);
-		
+
 					if (getCertSubject(certificateChain[0]).CN !== 'attest.android.com') {
 						throw new Error('invalid common name');
 					}
-		
+
 					if (!verifyCertificateChain(certificateChain)) {
 						throw new Error('Invalid certificate chain!');
 					}
-		
+
 					const signatureBase = Buffer.from(
 						jwsParts[0] + '.' + jwsParts[1],
 						'utf-8',
 					);
-		
+
 					const valid = crypto
 						.createVerify('sha256')
 						.update(signatureBase)
 						.verify(certificateChain[0], base64URLDecode(signature));
-		
+
 					const negTwo = publicKey.get(-2);
-		
+
 					if (!negTwo || negTwo.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -2 key given');
 					}
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					if (!negThree || negThree.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -3 key given');
 					}
-		
+
 					const publicKeyData = Buffer.concat(
 						[ECC_PRELUDE, negTwo, negThree],
 						1 + 32 + 32,
@@ -342,17 +342,17 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 						authenticatorData,
 						clientDataHash,
 					]);
-		
+
 					if (attStmt.x5c) {
 						const attCert = attStmt.x5c[0];
-		
+
 						const validSignature = crypto
 							.createVerify('SHA256')
 							.update(verificationData)
 							.verify(PEMString(attCert), attStmt.sig);
-		
+
 						const negTwo = publicKey.get(-2);
-		
+
 						if (!negTwo || negTwo.length !== 32) {
 							throw new Error('invalid or no -2 key given');
 						}
@@ -360,12 +360,12 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 						if (!negThree || negThree.length !== 32) {
 							throw new Error('invalid or no -3 key given');
 						}
-		
+
 						const publicKeyData = Buffer.concat(
 							[ECC_PRELUDE, negTwo, negThree],
 							1 + 32 + 32,
 						);
-		
+
 						return {
 							valid: validSignature,
 							publicKey: publicKeyData,
@@ -375,12 +375,12 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 						throw new Error('ECDAA-Verify is not supported');
 					} else {
 						if (attStmt.alg !== -7) throw new Error('alg mismatch');
-		
+
 						throw new Error('self attestation is not supported');
 					}
 				},
 			},
-		
+
 			'fido-u2f': {
 				verify({
 					attStmt,
@@ -401,13 +401,13 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					if (x5c.length !== 1) {
 						throw new Error('x5c length does not match expectation');
 					}
-		
+
 					const attCert = x5c[0];
-		
+
 					// TODO: make sure attCert is an Elliptic Curve (EC) public key over the P-256 curve
-		
+
 					const negTwo: Buffer = publicKey.get(-2);
-		
+
 					if (!negTwo || negTwo.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -2 key given');
 					}
@@ -415,12 +415,12 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 					if (!negThree || negThree.length !== 32) {
 						throw new Error('invalid or no -3 key given');
 					}
-		
+
 					const publicKeyU2F = Buffer.concat(
 						[ECC_PRELUDE, negTwo, negThree],
 						1 + 32 + 32,
 					);
-		
+
 					const verificationData = Buffer.concat([
 						NULL_BYTE,
 						rpIdHash,
@@ -428,12 +428,12 @@ export class TwoFactorAuthenticationService {
 						credentialId,
 						publicKeyU2F,
 					]);
-		
+
 					const validSignature = crypto
 						.createVerify('SHA256')
 						.update(verificationData)
 						.verify(PEMString(attCert), attStmt.sig);
-		
+
 					return {
 						valid: validSignature,
 						publicKey: publicKeyU2F,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/UserFollowingService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/UserFollowingService.ts
index 7d90bc2c08..44269d3b8a 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/UserFollowingService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/UserFollowingService.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Inject, Injectable, OnModuleInit, forwardRef } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ModuleRef } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { IsNull } from 'typeorm';
 import type { LocalUser, PartialLocalUser, PartialRemoteUser, RemoteUser, User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import { IdentifiableError } from '@/misc/identifiable-error.js';
 import { QueueService } from '@/core/QueueService.js';
@@ -21,9 +22,8 @@ import { UserBlockingService } from '@/core/UserBlockingService.js';
 import { MetaService } from '@/core/MetaService.js';
 import { CacheService } from '@/core/CacheService.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
-import Logger from '../logger.js';
-import { IsNull } from 'typeorm';
 import { AccountMoveService } from '@/core/AccountMoveService.js';
+import Logger from '../logger.js';
 
 const logger = new Logger('following/create');
 
@@ -122,22 +122,26 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 			let autoAccept = false;
 
 			// 鍵アカウントであっても、既にフォローされていた場合はスルー
-			const following = await this.followingsRepository.findOneBy({
-				followerId: follower.id,
-				followeeId: followee.id,
+			const isFollowing = await this.followingsRepository.exist({
+				where: {
+					followerId: follower.id,
+					followeeId: followee.id,
+				},
 			});
-			if (following) {
+			if (isFollowing) {
 				autoAccept = true;
 			}
 
 			// フォローしているユーザーは自動承認オプション
 			if (!autoAccept && (this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(followee) && followeeProfile.autoAcceptFollowed)) {
-				const followed = await this.followingsRepository.findOneBy({
-					followerId: followee.id,
-					followeeId: follower.id,
+				const isFollowed = await this.followingsRepository.exist({
+					where: {
+						followerId: followee.id,
+						followeeId: follower.id,
+					},
 				});
 
-				if (followed) autoAccept = true;
+				if (isFollowed) autoAccept = true;
 			}
 
 			// Automatically accept if the follower is an account who has moved and the locked followee had accepted the old account.
@@ -206,12 +210,14 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 
 		this.cacheService.userFollowingsCache.refresh(follower.id);
 
-		const req = await this.followRequestsRepository.findOneBy({
-			followeeId: followee.id,
-			followerId: follower.id,
+		const requestExist = await this.followRequestsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				followeeId: followee.id,
+				followerId: follower.id,
+			},
 		});
 
-		if (req) {
+		if (requestExist) {
 			await this.followRequestsRepository.delete({
 				followeeId: followee.id,
 				followerId: follower.id,
@@ -316,7 +322,7 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 			where: {
 				followerId: follower.id,
 				followeeId: followee.id,
-			}
+			},
 		});
 
 		if (following === null || !following.follower || !following.followee) {
@@ -406,8 +412,8 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 						followerId: user.id,
 						followee: {
 							movedToUri: IsNull(),
-						}
-					}
+						},
+					},
 				});
 				const nonMovedFollowers = await this.followingsRepository.count({
 					relations: {
@@ -417,8 +423,8 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 						followeeId: user.id,
 						follower: {
 							movedToUri: IsNull(),
-						}
-					}
+						},
+					},
 				});
 				await this.usersRepository.update(
 					{ id: user.id },
@@ -505,12 +511,14 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 			}
 		}
 
-		const request = await this.followRequestsRepository.findOneBy({
-			followeeId: followee.id,
-			followerId: follower.id,
+		const requestExist = await this.followRequestsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				followeeId: followee.id,
+				followerId: follower.id,
+			},
 		});
 
-		if (request == null) {
+		if (!requestExist) {
 			throw new IdentifiableError('17447091-ce07-46dd-b331-c1fd4f15b1e7', 'request not found');
 		}
 
@@ -638,7 +646,7 @@ export class UserFollowingService implements OnModuleInit {
 			where: {
 				followeeId: followee.id,
 				followerId: follower.id,
-			}
+			},
 		});
 
 		if (!following || !following.followee || !following.follower) return;
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/UserSuspendService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/UserSuspendService.ts
index b197d335d8..28ae32681d 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/UserSuspendService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/UserSuspendService.ts
@@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ export class UserSuspendService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async doPostSuspend(user: { id: User['id']; host: User['host'] }): Promise<void> {
 		this.globalEventService.publishInternalEvent('userChangeSuspendedState', { id: user.id, isSuspended: true });
-	
+
 		if (this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(user)) {
 			// 知り得る全SharedInboxにDelete配信
 			const content = this.apRendererService.addContext(this.apRendererService.renderDelete(this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id), user));
-	
+
 			const queue: string[] = [];
-	
+
 			const followings = await this.followingsRepository.find({
 				where: [
 					{ followerSharedInbox: Not(IsNull()) },
@@ -46,13 +46,13 @@ export class UserSuspendService {
 				],
 				select: ['followerSharedInbox', 'followeeSharedInbox'],
 			});
-	
+
 			const inboxes = followings.map(x => x.followerSharedInbox ?? x.followeeSharedInbox);
-	
+
 			for (const inbox of inboxes) {
 				if (inbox != null && !queue.includes(inbox)) queue.push(inbox);
 			}
-	
+
 			for (const inbox of queue) {
 				this.queueService.deliver(user, content, inbox, true);
 			}
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ export class UserSuspendService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async doPostUnsuspend(user: User): Promise<void> {
 		this.globalEventService.publishInternalEvent('userChangeSuspendedState', { id: user.id, isSuspended: false });
-	
+
 		if (this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(user)) {
 			// 知り得る全SharedInboxにUndo Delete配信
 			const content = this.apRendererService.addContext(this.apRendererService.renderUndo(this.apRendererService.renderDelete(this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id), user), user));
-	
+
 			const queue: string[] = [];
-	
+
 			const followings = await this.followingsRepository.find({
 				where: [
 					{ followerSharedInbox: Not(IsNull()) },
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ export class UserSuspendService {
 				],
 				select: ['followerSharedInbox', 'followeeSharedInbox'],
 			});
-	
+
 			const inboxes = followings.map(x => x.followerSharedInbox ?? x.followeeSharedInbox);
-	
+
 			for (const inbox of inboxes) {
 				if (inbox != null && !queue.includes(inbox)) queue.push(inbox);
 			}
-	
+
 			for (const inbox of queue) {
 				this.queueService.deliver(user as any, content, inbox, true);
 			}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/VideoProcessingService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/VideoProcessingService.ts
index 5869905db0..06f832ab09 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/VideoProcessingService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/VideoProcessingService.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ export class VideoProcessingService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async generateVideoThumbnail(source: string): Promise<IImage> {
 		const [dir, cleanup] = await createTempDir();
-	
+
 		try {
 			await new Promise((res, rej) => {
 				FFmpeg({
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export class VideoProcessingService {
 			query({
 				thumbnail: '1',
 				url,
-			})
+			}),
 		);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/WebfingerService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/WebfingerService.ts
index f58a6a10fc..6b2428cdf0 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/WebfingerService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/WebfingerService.ts
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import { query as urlQuery } from '@/misc/prelude/url.js';
 import { HttpRequestService } from '@/core/HttpRequestService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 
-type ILink = {
+export type ILink = {
 	href: string;
 	rel?: string;
 };
 
-type IWebFinger = {
+export type IWebFinger = {
 	links: ILink[];
 	subject: string;
 };
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/WebhookService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/WebhookService.ts
index 467755a072..b6f5263901 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/WebhookService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/WebhookService.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ export class WebhookService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			});
 			this.webhooksFetched = true;
 		}
-	
+
 		return this.webhooks;
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApAudienceService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApAudienceService.ts
index 8282a6324c..a4ab5eae20 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApAudienceService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApAudienceService.ts
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ type AudienceInfo = {
 	visibleUsers: User[],
 };
 
+type GroupedAudience = Record<'public' | 'followers' | 'other', string[]>;
+
 @Injectable()
 export class ApAudienceService {
 	constructor(
@@ -27,14 +29,14 @@ export class ApAudienceService {
 	public async parseAudience(actor: RemoteUser, to?: ApObject, cc?: ApObject, resolver?: Resolver): Promise<AudienceInfo> {
 		const toGroups = this.groupingAudience(getApIds(to), actor);
 		const ccGroups = this.groupingAudience(getApIds(cc), actor);
-	
+
 		const others = unique(concat([toGroups.other, ccGroups.other]));
-	
+
 		const limit = promiseLimit<User | null>(2);
 		const mentionedUsers = (await Promise.all(
 			others.map(id => limit(() => this.apPersonService.resolvePerson(id, resolver).catch(() => null))),
 		)).filter((x): x is User => x != null);
-	
+
 		if (toGroups.public.length > 0) {
 			return {
 				visibility: 'public',
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ export class ApAudienceService {
 				visibleUsers: [],
 			};
 		}
-	
+
 		if (ccGroups.public.length > 0) {
 			return {
 				visibility: 'home',
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ export class ApAudienceService {
 				visibleUsers: [],
 			};
 		}
-	
+
 		if (toGroups.followers.length > 0) {
 			return {
 				visibility: 'followers',
@@ -58,22 +60,22 @@ export class ApAudienceService {
 				visibleUsers: [],
 			};
 		}
-	
+
 		return {
 			visibility: 'specified',
 			mentionedUsers,
 			visibleUsers: mentionedUsers,
 		};
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
-	private groupingAudience(ids: string[], actor: RemoteUser) {
-		const groups = {
-			public: [] as string[],
-			followers: [] as string[],
-			other: [] as string[],
+	private groupingAudience(ids: string[], actor: RemoteUser): GroupedAudience {
+		const groups: GroupedAudience = {
+			public: [],
+			followers: [],
+			other: [],
 		};
-	
+
 		for (const id of ids) {
 			if (this.isPublic(id)) {
 				groups.public.push(id);
@@ -83,25 +85,23 @@ export class ApAudienceService {
 				groups.other.push(id);
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		groups.other = unique(groups.other);
-	
+
 		return groups;
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
-	private isPublic(id: string) {
+	private isPublic(id: string): boolean {
 		return [
 			'https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#Public',
 			'as#Public',
 			'Public',
 		].includes(id);
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
-	private isFollowers(id: string, actor: RemoteUser) {
-		return (
-			id === (actor.followersUri ?? `${actor.uri}/followers`)
-		);
+	private isFollowers(id: string, actor: RemoteUser): boolean {
+		return id === (actor.followersUri ?? `${actor.uri}/followers`);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDbResolverService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDbResolverService.ts
index 2d9e7a14ee..d5a530c903 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDbResolverService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDbResolverService.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { Inject, Injectable, OnApplicationShutdown } from '@nestjs/common';
-import escapeRegexp from 'escape-regexp';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { NotesRepository, UserPublickeysRepository, UsersRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
@@ -56,25 +55,18 @@ export class ApDbResolverService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public parseUri(value: string | IObject): UriParseResult {
-		const uri = getApId(value);
-	
-		// the host part of a URL is case insensitive, so use the 'i' flag.
-		const localRegex = new RegExp('^' + escapeRegexp(this.config.url) + '/(\\w+)/(\\w+)(?:\/(.+))?', 'i');
-		const matchLocal = uri.match(localRegex);
-	
-		if (matchLocal) {
-			return {
-				local: true,
-				type: matchLocal[1],
-				id: matchLocal[2],
-				rest: matchLocal[3],
-			};
-		} else {
-			return {
-				local: false,
-				uri,
-			};
-		}
+		const separator = '/';
+
+		const uri = new URL(getApId(value));
+		if (uri.origin !== this.config.url) return { local: false, uri: uri.href };
+
+		const [, type, id, ...rest] = uri.pathname.split(separator);
+		return {
+			local: true,
+			type,
+			id,
+			rest: rest.length === 0 ? undefined : rest.join(separator),
+		};
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -107,13 +99,15 @@ export class ApDbResolverService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 		if (parsed.local) {
 			if (parsed.type !== 'users') return null;
 
-			return await this.cacheService.userByIdCache.fetchMaybe(parsed.id, () => this.usersRepository.findOneBy({
-				id: parsed.id,
-			}).then(x => x ?? undefined)) as LocalUser | undefined ?? null;
+			return await this.cacheService.userByIdCache.fetchMaybe(
+				parsed.id,
+				() => this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ id: parsed.id }).then(x => x ?? undefined),
+			) as LocalUser | undefined ?? null;
 		} else {
-			return await this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.fetch(parsed.uri, () => this.usersRepository.findOneBy({
-				uri: parsed.uri,
-			})) as RemoteUser | null;
+			return await this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.fetch(
+				parsed.uri,
+				() => this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ uri: parsed.uri }),
+			) as RemoteUser | null;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -129,7 +123,7 @@ export class ApDbResolverService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 			const key = await this.userPublickeysRepository.findOneBy({
 				keyId,
 			});
-	
+
 			if (key == null) return null;
 
 			return key;
@@ -153,9 +147,11 @@ export class ApDbResolverService implements OnApplicationShutdown {
 	} | null> {
 		const user = await this.apPersonService.resolvePerson(uri) as RemoteUser;
 
-		if (user == null) return null;
-
-		const key = await this.publicKeyByUserIdCache.fetch(user.id, () => this.userPublickeysRepository.findOneBy({ userId: user.id }), v => v != null); 
+		const key = await this.publicKeyByUserIdCache.fetch(
+			user.id,
+			() => this.userPublickeysRepository.findOneBy({ userId: user.id }),
+			v => v != null,
+		);
 
 		return {
 			user,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDeliverManagerService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDeliverManagerService.ts
index 62a2a33a19..09461973d9 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDeliverManagerService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApDeliverManagerService.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import type { LocalUser, RemoteUser, User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import { QueueService } from '@/core/QueueService.js';
 import { UserEntityService } from '@/core/entities/UserEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import type { IActivity } from '@/core/activitypub/type.js';
+import { ThinUser } from '@/queue/types.js';
 
 interface IRecipe {
 	type: string;
@@ -21,85 +23,22 @@ interface IDirectRecipe extends IRecipe {
 	to: RemoteUser;
 }
 
-const isFollowers = (recipe: any): recipe is IFollowersRecipe =>
+const isFollowers = (recipe: IRecipe): recipe is IFollowersRecipe =>
 	recipe.type === 'Followers';
 
-const isDirect = (recipe: any): recipe is IDirectRecipe =>
+const isDirect = (recipe: IRecipe): recipe is IDirectRecipe =>
 	recipe.type === 'Direct';
 
-@Injectable()
-export class ApDeliverManagerService {
-	constructor(
-		@Inject(DI.config)
-		private config: Config,
-
-		@Inject(DI.usersRepository)
-		private usersRepository: UsersRepository,
-
-		@Inject(DI.followingsRepository)
-		private followingsRepository: FollowingsRepository,
-
-		private userEntityService: UserEntityService,
-		private queueService: QueueService,
-	) {
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Deliver activity to followers
-	 * @param activity Activity
-	 * @param from Followee
-	 */
-	@bindThis
-	public async deliverToFollowers(actor: { id: LocalUser['id']; host: null; }, activity: any) {
-		const manager = new DeliverManager(
-			this.userEntityService,
-			this.followingsRepository,
-			this.queueService,
-			actor,
-			activity,
-		);
-		manager.addFollowersRecipe();
-		await manager.execute();
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Deliver activity to user
-	 * @param activity Activity
-	 * @param to Target user
-	 */
-	@bindThis
-	public async deliverToUser(actor: { id: LocalUser['id']; host: null; }, activity: any, to: RemoteUser) {
-		const manager = new DeliverManager(
-			this.userEntityService,
-			this.followingsRepository,
-			this.queueService,
-			actor,
-			activity,
-		);
-		manager.addDirectRecipe(to);
-		await manager.execute();
-	}
-
-	@bindThis
-	public createDeliverManager(actor: { id: User['id']; host: null; }, activity: any) {
-		return new DeliverManager(
-			this.userEntityService,
-			this.followingsRepository,
-			this.queueService,
-
-			actor, 
-			activity,
-		);
-	}
-}
-
 class DeliverManager {
-	private actor: { id: User['id']; host: null; };
-	private activity: any;
+	private actor: ThinUser;
+	private activity: IActivity | null;
 	private recipes: IRecipe[] = [];
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
+	 * @param userEntityService
+	 * @param followingsRepository
+	 * @param queueService
 	 * @param actor Actor
 	 * @param activity Activity to deliver
 	 */
@@ -109,9 +48,16 @@ class DeliverManager {
 		private queueService: QueueService,
 
 		actor: { id: User['id']; host: null; },
-		activity: any,
+		activity: IActivity | null,
 	) {
-		this.actor = actor;
+		// 型で弾いてはいるが一応ローカルユーザーかチェック
+		// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition
+		if (actor.host != null) throw new Error('actor.host must be null');
+
+		// パフォーマンス向上のためキューに突っ込むのはidのみに絞る
+		this.actor = {
+			id: actor.id,
+		};
 		this.activity = activity;
 	}
 
@@ -119,10 +65,10 @@ class DeliverManager {
 	 * Add recipe for followers deliver
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public addFollowersRecipe() {
-		const deliver = {
+	public addFollowersRecipe(): void {
+		const deliver: IFollowersRecipe = {
 			type: 'Followers',
-		} as IFollowersRecipe;
+		};
 
 		this.addRecipe(deliver);
 	}
@@ -132,11 +78,11 @@ class DeliverManager {
 	 * @param to To
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public addDirectRecipe(to: RemoteUser) {
-		const recipe = {
+	public addDirectRecipe(to: RemoteUser): void {
+		const recipe: IDirectRecipe = {
 			type: 'Direct',
 			to,
-		} as IDirectRecipe;
+		};
 
 		this.addRecipe(recipe);
 	}
@@ -146,7 +92,7 @@ class DeliverManager {
 	 * @param recipe Recipe
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public addRecipe(recipe: IRecipe) {
+	public addRecipe(recipe: IRecipe): void {
 		this.recipes.push(recipe);
 	}
 
@@ -154,18 +100,13 @@ class DeliverManager {
 	 * Execute delivers
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async execute() {
-		if (!this.userEntityService.isLocalUser(this.actor)) return;
-
+	public async execute(): Promise<void> {
 		// The value flags whether it is shared or not.
+		// key: inbox URL, value: whether it is sharedInbox
 		const inboxes = new Map<string, boolean>();
 
-		/*
-		build inbox list
-
-		Process follower recipes first to avoid duplication when processing
-		direct recipes later.
-		*/
+		// build inbox list
+		// Process follower recipes first to avoid duplication when processing direct recipes later.
 		if (this.recipes.some(r => isFollowers(r))) {
 			// followers deliver
 			// TODO: SELECT DISTINCT ON ("followerSharedInbox") "followerSharedInbox" みたいな問い合わせにすればよりパフォーマンス向上できそう
@@ -179,31 +120,93 @@ class DeliverManager {
 					followerSharedInbox: true,
 					followerInbox: true,
 				},
-			}) as {
-				followerSharedInbox: string | null;
-				followerInbox: string;
-			}[];
+			});
 
 			for (const following of followers) {
 				const inbox = following.followerSharedInbox ?? following.followerInbox;
+				if (inbox === null) throw new Error('inbox is null');
 				inboxes.set(inbox, following.followerSharedInbox != null);
 			}
 		}
 
-		this.recipes.filter((recipe): recipe is IDirectRecipe =>
-			// followers recipes have already been processed
-			isDirect(recipe)
+		for (const recipe of this.recipes.filter(isDirect)) {
 			// check that shared inbox has not been added yet
-			&& !(recipe.to.sharedInbox && inboxes.has(recipe.to.sharedInbox))
+			if (recipe.to.sharedInbox !== null && inboxes.has(recipe.to.sharedInbox)) continue;
+
 			// check that they actually have an inbox
-			&& recipe.to.inbox != null,
-		)
-			.forEach(recipe => inboxes.set(recipe.to.inbox!, false));
+			if (recipe.to.inbox === null) continue;
 
-		// deliver
-		for (const inbox of inboxes) {
-			// inbox[0]: inbox, inbox[1]: whether it is sharedInbox
-			this.queueService.deliver(this.actor, this.activity, inbox[0], inbox[1]);
+			inboxes.set(recipe.to.inbox, false);
 		}
+
+		// deliver
+		this.queueService.deliverMany(this.actor, this.activity, inboxes);
+	}
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+export class ApDeliverManagerService {
+	constructor(
+		@Inject(DI.config)
+		private config: Config,
+
+		@Inject(DI.usersRepository)
+		private usersRepository: UsersRepository,
+
+		@Inject(DI.followingsRepository)
+		private followingsRepository: FollowingsRepository,
+
+		private userEntityService: UserEntityService,
+		private queueService: QueueService,
+	) {
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Deliver activity to followers
+	 * @param actor
+	 * @param activity Activity
+	 */
+	@bindThis
+	public async deliverToFollowers(actor: { id: LocalUser['id']; host: null; }, activity: IActivity): Promise<void> {
+		const manager = new DeliverManager(
+			this.userEntityService,
+			this.followingsRepository,
+			this.queueService,
+			actor,
+			activity,
+		);
+		manager.addFollowersRecipe();
+		await manager.execute();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Deliver activity to user
+	 * @param actor
+	 * @param activity Activity
+	 * @param to Target user
+	 */
+	@bindThis
+	public async deliverToUser(actor: { id: LocalUser['id']; host: null; }, activity: IActivity, to: RemoteUser): Promise<void> {
+		const manager = new DeliverManager(
+			this.userEntityService,
+			this.followingsRepository,
+			this.queueService,
+			actor,
+			activity,
+		);
+		manager.addDirectRecipe(to);
+		await manager.execute();
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
+	public createDeliverManager(actor: { id: User['id']; host: null; }, activity: IActivity | null): DeliverManager {
+		return new DeliverManager(
+			this.userEntityService,
+			this.followingsRepository,
+			this.queueService,
+
+			actor,
+			activity,
+		);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApInboxService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApInboxService.ts
index efef777fb0..8d5f4883e4 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApInboxService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApInboxService.ts
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ import { CacheService } from '@/core/CacheService.js';
 import { NoteEntityService } from '@/core/entities/NoteEntityService.js';
 import { UserEntityService } from '@/core/entities/UserEntityService.js';
 import { QueueService } from '@/core/QueueService.js';
-import type { UsersRepository, NotesRepository, FollowingsRepository, AbuseUserReportsRepository, FollowRequestsRepository, } from '@/models/index.js';
+import type { UsersRepository, NotesRepository, FollowingsRepository, AbuseUserReportsRepository, FollowRequestsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import type { RemoteUser } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
-import { getApHrefNullable, getApId, getApIds, getApType, getOneApHrefNullable, isAccept, isActor, isAdd, isAnnounce, isBlock, isCollection, isCollectionOrOrderedCollection, isCreate, isDelete, isFlag, isFollow, isLike, isMove, isPost, isReject, isRemove, isTombstone, isUndo, isUpdate, validActor, validPost } from './type.js';
+import { getApHrefNullable, getApId, getApIds, getApType, isAccept, isActor, isAdd, isAnnounce, isBlock, isCollection, isCollectionOrOrderedCollection, isCreate, isDelete, isFlag, isFollow, isLike, isMove, isPost, isReject, isRemove, isTombstone, isUndo, isUpdate, validActor, validPost } from './type.js';
 import { ApNoteService } from './models/ApNoteService.js';
 import { ApLoggerService } from './ApLoggerService.js';
 import { ApDbResolverService } from './ApDbResolverService.js';
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async performActivity(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IObject) {
+	public async performActivity(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IObject): Promise<void> {
 		if (isCollectionOrOrderedCollection(activity)) {
 			const resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
 			for (const item of toArray(isCollection(activity) ? activity.items : activity.orderedItems)) {
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 		if (actor.uri) {
 			if (actor.lastFetchedAt == null || Date.now() - actor.lastFetchedAt.getTime() > 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24) {
 				setImmediate(() => {
-					this.apPersonService.updatePerson(actor.uri!);
+					this.apPersonService.updatePerson(actor.uri);
 				});
 			}
 		}
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async add(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IAdd): Promise<void> {
-		if ('actor' in activity && actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
+		if (actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
 			throw new Error('invalid actor');
 		}
 
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 		const unlock = await this.appLockService.getApLock(uri);
 
 		try {
-		// 既に同じURIを持つものが登録されていないかチェック
+			// 既に同じURIを持つものが登録されていないかチェック
 			const exist = await this.apNoteService.fetchNote(uri);
 			if (exist) {
 				return;
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 						return;
 					}
 
-					this.logger.warn(`Error in announce target ${targetUri} - ${err.statusCode ?? err}`);
+					this.logger.warn(`Error in announce target ${targetUri} - ${err.statusCode}`);
 				}
 				throw err;
 			}
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async delete(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IDelete): Promise<string> {
-		if ('actor' in activity && actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
+		if (actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
 			throw new Error('invalid actor');
 		}
 
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 			// typeが不明だけど、どうせ消えてるのでremote resolveしない
 			formerType = undefined;
 		} else {
-			const object = activity.object as IObject;
+			const object = activity.object;
 			if (isTombstone(object)) {
 				formerType = toSingle(object.formerType);
 			} else {
@@ -503,7 +503,10 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 		// 対象ユーザーは一番最初のユーザー として あとはコメントとして格納する
 		const uris = getApIds(activity.object);
 
-		const userIds = uris.filter(uri => uri.startsWith(this.config.url + '/users/')).map(uri => uri.split('/').pop()!);
+		const userIds = uris
+			.filter(uri => uri.startsWith(this.config.url + '/users/'))
+			.map(uri => uri.split('/').at(-1))
+			.filter((userId): userId is string => userId !== undefined);
 		const users = await this.usersRepository.findBy({
 			id: In(userIds),
 		});
@@ -566,7 +569,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async remove(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IRemove): Promise<void> {
-		if ('actor' in activity && actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
+		if (actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
 			throw new Error('invalid actor');
 		}
 
@@ -586,7 +589,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async undo(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IUndo): Promise<string> {
-		if ('actor' in activity && actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
+		if (actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
 			throw new Error('invalid actor');
 		}
 
@@ -618,12 +621,14 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 			return 'skip: follower not found';
 		}
 
-		const following = await this.followingsRepository.findOneBy({
-			followerId: follower.id,
-			followeeId: actor.id,
+		const isFollowing = await this.followingsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				followerId: follower.id,
+				followeeId: actor.id,
+			},
 		});
 
-		if (following) {
+		if (isFollowing) {
 			await this.userFollowingService.unfollow(follower, actor);
 			return 'ok: unfollowed';
 		}
@@ -673,22 +678,26 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 			return 'skip: フォロー解除しようとしているユーザーはローカルユーザーではありません';
 		}
 
-		const req = await this.followRequestsRepository.findOneBy({
-			followerId: actor.id,
-			followeeId: followee.id,
+		const requestExist = await this.followRequestsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				followerId: actor.id,
+				followeeId: followee.id,
+			},
 		});
 
-		const following = await this.followingsRepository.findOneBy({
-			followerId: actor.id,
-			followeeId: followee.id,
+		const isFollowing = await this.followingsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				followerId: actor.id,
+				followeeId: followee.id,
+			},
 		});
 
-		if (req) {
+		if (requestExist) {
 			await this.userFollowingService.cancelFollowRequest(followee, actor);
 			return 'ok: follow request canceled';
 		}
 
-		if (following) {
+		if (isFollowing) {
 			await this.userFollowingService.unfollow(actor, followee);
 			return 'ok: unfollowed';
 		}
@@ -713,7 +722,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async update(actor: RemoteUser, activity: IUpdate): Promise<string> {
-		if ('actor' in activity && actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
+		if (actor.uri !== activity.actor) {
 			return 'skip: invalid actor';
 		}
 
@@ -727,7 +736,7 @@ export class ApInboxService {
 		});
 
 		if (isActor(object)) {
-			await this.apPersonService.updatePerson(actor.uri!, resolver, object);
+			await this.apPersonService.updatePerson(actor.uri, resolver, object);
 			return 'ok: Person updated';
 		} else if (getApType(object) === 'Question') {
 			await this.apQuestionService.updateQuestion(object, resolver).catch(err => console.error(err));
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApMfmService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApMfmService.ts
index 6116822f7a..d7269eca92 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApMfmService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApMfmService.ts
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import { MfmService } from '@/core/MfmService.js';
 import type { Note } from '@/models/entities/Note.js';
+import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { extractApHashtagObjects } from './models/tag.js';
 import type { IObject } from './type.js';
-import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ApMfmService {
@@ -19,15 +19,14 @@ export class ApMfmService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public htmlToMfm(html: string, tag?: IObject | IObject[]) {
-		const hashtagNames = extractApHashtagObjects(tag).map(x => x.name).filter((x): x is string => x != null);
-	
+	public htmlToMfm(html: string, tag?: IObject | IObject[]): string {
+		const hashtagNames = extractApHashtagObjects(tag).map(x => x.name);
 		return this.mfmService.fromHtml(html, hashtagNames);
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public getNoteHtml(note: Note) {
+	public getNoteHtml(note: Note): string | null {
 		if (!note.text) return '';
 		return this.mfmService.toHtml(mfm.parse(note.text), JSON.parse(note.mentionedRemoteUsers));
-	}	
+	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRendererService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRendererService.ts
index d8b95ca4d1..797c6267b1 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRendererService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRendererService.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-import { createPublicKey } from 'node:crypto';
+import { createPublicKey, randomUUID } from 'node:crypto';
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { In, IsNull } from 'typeorm';
-import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid';
+import { In } from 'typeorm';
 import * as mfm from 'mfm-js';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ import { isNotNull } from '@/misc/is-not-null.js';
 import { LdSignatureService } from './LdSignatureService.js';
 import { ApMfmService } from './ApMfmService.js';
 import type { IAccept, IActivity, IAdd, IAnnounce, IApDocument, IApEmoji, IApHashtag, IApImage, IApMention, IBlock, ICreate, IDelete, IFlag, IFollow, IKey, ILike, IMove, IObject, IPost, IQuestion, IReject, IRemove, ITombstone, IUndo, IUpdate } from './type.js';
-import type { IIdentifier } from './models/identifier.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ApRendererService {
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderAccept(object: any, user: { id: User['id']; host: null }): IAccept {
+	public renderAccept(object: string | IObject, user: { id: User['id']; host: null }): IAccept {
 		return {
 			type: 'Accept',
 			actor: this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id),
@@ -72,7 +70,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderAdd(user: LocalUser, target: any, object: any): IAdd {
+	public renderAdd(user: LocalUser, target: string | IObject | undefined, object: string | IObject): IAdd {
 		return {
 			type: 'Add',
 			actor: this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id),
@@ -82,7 +80,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderAnnounce(object: any, note: Note): IAnnounce {
+	public renderAnnounce(object: string | IObject, note: Note): IAnnounce {
 		const attributedTo = this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(note.userId);
 
 		let to: string[] = [];
@@ -133,13 +131,13 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public renderCreate(object: IObject, note: Note): ICreate {
-		const activity = {
+		const activity: ICreate = {
 			id: `${this.config.url}/notes/${note.id}/activity`,
 			actor: this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(note.userId),
 			type: 'Create',
 			published: note.createdAt.toISOString(),
 			object,
-		} as ICreate;
+		};
 
 		if (object.to) activity.to = object.to;
 		if (object.cc) activity.cc = object.cc;
@@ -209,7 +207,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	 * @param id Follower|Followee ID
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async renderFollowUser(id: User['id']) {
+	public async renderFollowUser(id: User['id']): Promise<string> {
 		const user = await this.usersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: id }) as PartialLocalUser | PartialRemoteUser;
 		return this.userEntityService.getUserUri(user);
 	}
@@ -223,8 +221,8 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 		return {
 			id: requestId ?? `${this.config.url}/follows/${follower.id}/${followee.id}`,
 			type: 'Follow',
-			actor: this.userEntityService.getUserUri(follower)!,
-			object: this.userEntityService.getUserUri(followee)!,
+			actor: this.userEntityService.getUserUri(follower),
+			object: this.userEntityService.getUserUri(followee),
 		};
 	}
 
@@ -264,14 +262,14 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	public async renderLike(noteReaction: NoteReaction, note: { uri: string | null }): Promise<ILike> {
 		const reaction = noteReaction.reaction;
 
-		const object = {
+		const object: ILike = {
 			type: 'Like',
 			id: `${this.config.url}/likes/${noteReaction.id}`,
 			actor: `${this.config.url}/users/${noteReaction.userId}`,
 			object: note.uri ? note.uri : `${this.config.url}/notes/${noteReaction.noteId}`,
 			content: reaction,
 			_misskey_reaction: reaction,
-		} as ILike;
+		};
 
 		if (reaction.startsWith(':')) {
 			const name = reaction.replaceAll(':', '');
@@ -287,7 +285,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	public renderMention(mention: PartialLocalUser | PartialRemoteUser): IApMention {
 		return {
 			type: 'Mention',
-			href: this.userEntityService.getUserUri(mention)!,
+			href: this.userEntityService.getUserUri(mention),
 			name: this.userEntityService.isRemoteUser(mention) ? `@${mention.username}@${mention.host}` : `@${(mention as LocalUser).username}`,
 		};
 	}
@@ -297,8 +295,8 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 		src: PartialLocalUser | PartialRemoteUser,
 		dst: PartialLocalUser | PartialRemoteUser,
 	): IMove {
-		const actor = this.userEntityService.getUserUri(src)!;
-		const target = this.userEntityService.getUserUri(dst)!;
+		const actor = this.userEntityService.getUserUri(src);
+		const target = this.userEntityService.getUserUri(dst);
 		return {
 			id: `${this.config.url}/moves/${src.id}/${dst.id}`,
 			actor,
@@ -310,10 +308,10 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public async renderNote(note: Note, dive = true): Promise<IPost> {
-		const getPromisedFiles = async (ids: string[]) => {
-			if (!ids || ids.length === 0) return [];
+		const getPromisedFiles = async (ids: string[]): Promise<DriveFile[]> => {
+			if (ids.length === 0) return [];
 			const items = await this.driveFilesRepository.findBy({ id: In(ids) });
-			return ids.map(id => items.find(item => item.id === id)).filter(item => item != null) as DriveFile[];
+			return ids.map(id => items.find(item => item.id === id)).filter((item): item is DriveFile => item != null);
 		};
 
 		let inReplyTo;
@@ -323,9 +321,9 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 			inReplyToNote = await this.notesRepository.findOneBy({ id: note.replyId });
 
 			if (inReplyToNote != null) {
-				const inReplyToUser = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ id: inReplyToNote.userId });
+				const inReplyToUserExist = await this.usersRepository.exist({ where: { id: inReplyToNote.userId } });
 
-				if (inReplyToUser != null) {
+				if (inReplyToUserExist) {
 					if (inReplyToNote.uri) {
 						inReplyTo = inReplyToNote.uri;
 					} else {
@@ -375,7 +373,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 			id: In(note.mentions),
 		}) : [];
 
-		const hashtagTags = (note.tags ?? []).map(tag => this.renderHashtag(tag));
+		const hashtagTags = note.tags.map(tag => this.renderHashtag(tag));
 		const mentionTags = mentionedUsers.map(u => this.renderMention(u as LocalUser | RemoteUser));
 
 		const files = await getPromisedFiles(note.fileIds);
@@ -451,37 +449,26 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	@bindThis
 	public async renderPerson(user: LocalUser) {
 		const id = this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id);
-		const isSystem = !!user.username.match(/\./);
+		const isSystem = user.username.includes('.');
 
 		const [avatar, banner, profile] = await Promise.all([
-			user.avatarId ? this.driveFilesRepository.findOneBy({ id: user.avatarId }) : Promise.resolve(undefined),
-			user.bannerId ? this.driveFilesRepository.findOneBy({ id: user.bannerId }) : Promise.resolve(undefined),
+			user.avatarId ? this.driveFilesRepository.findOneBy({ id: user.avatarId }) : undefined,
+			user.bannerId ? this.driveFilesRepository.findOneBy({ id: user.bannerId }) : undefined,
 			this.userProfilesRepository.findOneByOrFail({ userId: user.id }),
 		]);
 
-		const attachment: {
+		const attachment = profile.fields.map(field => ({
 			type: 'PropertyValue',
-			name: string,
-			value: string,
-			identifier?: IIdentifier,
-		}[] = [];
-
-		if (profile.fields) {
-			for (const field of profile.fields) {
-				attachment.push({
-					type: 'PropertyValue',
-					name: field.name,
-					value: (field.value != null && field.value.match(/^https?:/))
-						? `<a href="${new URL(field.value).href}" rel="me nofollow noopener" target="_blank">${new URL(field.value).href}</a>`
-						: field.value,
-				});
-			}
-		}
+			name: field.name,
+			value: /^https?:/.test(field.value)
+				? `<a href="${new URL(field.value).href}" rel="me nofollow noopener" target="_blank">${new URL(field.value).href}</a>`
+				: field.value,
+		}));
 
 		const emojis = await this.getEmojis(user.emojis);
 		const apemojis = emojis.filter(emoji => !emoji.localOnly).map(emoji => this.renderEmoji(emoji));
 
-		const hashtagTags = (user.tags ?? []).map(tag => this.renderHashtag(tag));
+		const hashtagTags = user.tags.map(tag => this.renderHashtag(tag));
 
 		const tag = [
 			...apemojis,
@@ -490,7 +477,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 
 		const keypair = await this.userKeypairService.getUserKeypair(user.id);
 
-		const person = {
+		const person: any = {
 			type: isSystem ? 'Application' : user.isBot ? 'Service' : 'Person',
 			id,
 			inbox: `${id}/inbox`,
@@ -508,11 +495,11 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 			image: banner ? this.renderImage(banner) : null,
 			tag,
 			manuallyApprovesFollowers: user.isLocked,
-			discoverable: !!user.isExplorable,
+			discoverable: user.isExplorable,
 			publicKey: this.renderKey(user, keypair, '#main-key'),
 			isCat: user.isCat,
 			attachment: attachment.length ? attachment : undefined,
-		} as any;
+		};
 
 		if (user.movedToUri) {
 			person.movedTo = user.movedToUri;
@@ -552,7 +539,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderReject(object: any, user: { id: User['id'] }): IReject {
+	public renderReject(object: string | IObject, user: { id: User['id'] }): IReject {
 		return {
 			type: 'Reject',
 			actor: this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id),
@@ -561,7 +548,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderRemove(user: { id: User['id'] }, target: any, object: any): IRemove {
+	public renderRemove(user: { id: User['id'] }, target: string | IObject | undefined, object: string | IObject): IRemove {
 		return {
 			type: 'Remove',
 			actor: this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id),
@@ -579,8 +566,8 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderUndo(object: any, user: { id: User['id'] }): IUndo {
-		const id = typeof object.id === 'string' && object.id.startsWith(this.config.url) ? `${object.id}/undo` : undefined;
+	public renderUndo(object: string | IObject, user: { id: User['id'] }): IUndo {
+		const id = typeof object !== 'string' && typeof object.id === 'string' && object.id.startsWith(this.config.url) ? `${object.id}/undo` : undefined;
 
 		return {
 			type: 'Undo',
@@ -592,7 +579,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public renderUpdate(object: any, user: { id: User['id'] }): IUpdate {
+	public renderUpdate(object: string | IObject, user: { id: User['id'] }): IUpdate {
 		return {
 			id: `${this.config.url}/users/${user.id}#updates/${new Date().getTime()}`,
 			actor: this.userEntityService.genLocalUserUri(user.id),
@@ -625,7 +612,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	@bindThis
 	public addContext<T extends IObject>(x: T): T & { '@context': any; id: string; } {
 		if (typeof x === 'object' && x.id == null) {
-			x.id = `${this.config.url}/${uuid()}`;
+			x.id = `${this.config.url}/${randomUUID()}`;
 		}
 
 		return Object.assign({
@@ -658,7 +645,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 					vcard: 'http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#',
 				},
 			],
-		}, x as T & { id: string; });
+		}, x as T & { id: string });
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
@@ -683,13 +670,13 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	 */
 	@bindThis
 	public renderOrderedCollectionPage(id: string, totalItems: any, orderedItems: any, partOf: string, prev?: string, next?: string) {
-		const page = {
+		const page: any = {
 			id,
 			partOf,
 			type: 'OrderedCollectionPage',
 			totalItems,
 			orderedItems,
-		} as any;
+		};
 
 		if (prev) page.prev = prev;
 		if (next) page.next = next;
@@ -706,7 +693,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 	 * @param orderedItems attached objects (optional)
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public renderOrderedCollection(id: string | null, totalItems: any, first?: string, last?: string, orderedItems?: IObject[]) {
+	public renderOrderedCollection(id: string, totalItems: number, first?: string, last?: string, orderedItems?: IObject[]) {
 		const page: any = {
 			id,
 			type: 'OrderedCollection',
@@ -722,7 +709,7 @@ export class ApRendererService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private async getEmojis(names: string[]): Promise<Emoji[]> {
-		if (names == null || names.length === 0) return [];
+		if (names.length === 0) return [];
 
 		const allEmojis = await this.customEmojiService.localEmojisCache.fetch();
 		const emojis = names.map(name => allEmojis.get(name)).filter(isNotNull);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRequestService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRequestService.ts
index 5005612ab8..44676cac20 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRequestService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApRequestService.ts
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ export class ApRequestService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async signedPost(user: { id: User['id'] }, url: string, object: any) {
+	public async signedPost(user: { id: User['id'] }, url: string, object: unknown): Promise<void> {
 		const body = JSON.stringify(object);
 
 		const keypair = await this.userKeypairService.getUserKeypair(user.id);
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ export class ApRequestService {
 	 * @param url URL to fetch
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async signedGet(url: string, user: { id: User['id'] }) {
+	public async signedGet(url: string, user: { id: User['id'] }): Promise<unknown> {
 		const keypair = await this.userKeypairService.getUserKeypair(user.id);
 
 		const req = ApRequestCreator.createSignedGet({
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApResolverService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApResolverService.ts
index d3e0345c9c..aa4720c56e 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApResolverService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/ApResolverService.ts
@@ -61,10 +61,6 @@ export class Resolver {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public async resolve(value: string | IObject): Promise<IObject> {
-		if (value == null) {
-			throw new Error('resolvee is null (or undefined)');
-		}
-
 		if (typeof value !== 'string') {
 			return value;
 		}
@@ -104,11 +100,11 @@ export class Resolver {
 			? await this.apRequestService.signedGet(value, this.user) as IObject
 			: await this.httpRequestService.getJson(value, 'application/activity+json, application/ld+json')) as IObject;
 
-		if (object == null || (
+		if (
 			Array.isArray(object['@context']) ?
 				!(object['@context'] as unknown[]).includes('https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams') :
 				object['@context'] !== 'https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams'
-		)) {
+		) {
 			throw new Error('invalid response');
 		}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/LdSignatureService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/LdSignatureService.ts
index 20fe2a0a77..af7e243229 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/LdSignatureService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/LdSignatureService.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { HttpRequestService } from '@/core/HttpRequestService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { CONTEXTS } from './misc/contexts.js';
+import type { JsonLdDocument } from 'jsonld';
+import type { JsonLd, RemoteDocument } from 'jsonld/jsonld-spec.js';
 
 // RsaSignature2017 based from https://github.com/transmute-industries/RsaSignature2017
 
@@ -18,22 +20,21 @@ class LdSignature {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public async signRsaSignature2017(data: any, privateKey: string, creator: string, domain?: string, created?: Date): Promise<any> {
-		const options = {
-			type: 'RsaSignature2017',
-			creator,
-			domain,
-			nonce: crypto.randomBytes(16).toString('hex'),
-			created: (created ?? new Date()).toISOString(),
-		} as {
+		const options: {
 			type: string;
 			creator: string;
 			domain?: string;
 			nonce: string;
 			created: string;
+		} = {
+			type: 'RsaSignature2017',
+			creator,
+			nonce: crypto.randomBytes(16).toString('hex'),
+			created: (created ?? new Date()).toISOString(),
 		};
 
-		if (!domain) {
-			delete options.domain;
+		if (domain) {
+			options.domain = domain;
 		}
 
 		const toBeSigned = await this.createVerifyData(data, options);
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ class LdSignature {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async createVerifyData(data: any, options: any) {
+	public async createVerifyData(data: any, options: any): Promise<string> {
 		const transformedOptions = {
 			...options,
 			'@context': 'https://w3id.org/identity/v1',
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ class LdSignature {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async normalize(data: any) {
+	public async normalize(data: JsonLdDocument): Promise<string> {
 		const customLoader = this.getLoader();
 		// XXX: Importing jsonld dynamically since Jest frequently fails to import it statically
 		// https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/pull/9894#discussion_r1103753595
@@ -93,14 +94,14 @@ class LdSignature {
 
 	@bindThis
 	private getLoader() {
-		return async (url: string): Promise<any> => {
-			if (!url.match('^https?\:\/\/')) throw new Error(`Invalid URL ${url}`);
+		return async (url: string): Promise<RemoteDocument> => {
+			if (!/^https?:\/\//.test(url)) throw new Error(`Invalid URL ${url}`);
 
 			if (this.preLoad) {
 				if (url in CONTEXTS) {
 					if (this.debug) console.debug(`HIT: ${url}`);
 					return {
-						contextUrl: null,
+						contextUrl: undefined,
 						document: CONTEXTS[url],
 						documentUrl: url,
 					};
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ class LdSignature {
 			if (this.debug) console.debug(`MISS: ${url}`);
 			const document = await this.fetchDocument(url);
 			return {
-				contextUrl: null,
+				contextUrl: undefined,
 				document: document,
 				documentUrl: url,
 			};
@@ -118,13 +119,17 @@ class LdSignature {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	private async fetchDocument(url: string) {
-		const json = await this.httpRequestService.send(url, {
-			headers: {
-				Accept: 'application/ld+json, application/json',
+	private async fetchDocument(url: string): Promise<JsonLd> {
+		const json = await this.httpRequestService.send(
+			url,
+			{
+				headers: {
+					Accept: 'application/ld+json, application/json',
+				},
+				timeout: this.loderTimeout,
 			},
-			timeout: this.loderTimeout,
-		}, { throwErrorWhenResponseNotOk: false }).then(res => {
+			{ throwErrorWhenResponseNotOk: false },
+		).then(res => {
 			if (!res.ok) {
 				throw new Error(`${res.status} ${res.statusText}`);
 			} else {
@@ -132,7 +137,7 @@ class LdSignature {
 			}
 		});
 
-		return json;
+		return json as JsonLd;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/misc/contexts.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/misc/contexts.ts
index aee0d3629c..2bcd3811b2 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/misc/contexts.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/misc/contexts.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { JsonLd } from 'jsonld/jsonld-spec.js';
+
 /* eslint:disable:quotemark indent */
 const id_v1 = {
 	'@context': {
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ const id_v1 = {
 		'accessControl': { '@id': 'perm:accessControl', '@type': '@id' },
 		'writePermission': { '@id': 'perm:writePermission', '@type': '@id' },
 	},
-};
+} satisfies JsonLd;
 
 const security_v1 = {
 	'@context': {
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ const security_v1 = {
 		'signatureAlgorithm': 'sec:signingAlgorithm',
 		'signatureValue': 'sec:signatureValue',
 	},
-};
+} satisfies JsonLd;
 
 const activitystreams = {
 	'@context': {
@@ -517,9 +519,9 @@ const activitystreams = {
 			'@type': '@id',
 		},
 	},
-};
+} satisfies JsonLd;
 
-export const CONTEXTS: Record<string, unknown> = {
+export const CONTEXTS: Record<string, JsonLd> = {
 	'https://w3id.org/identity/v1': id_v1,
 	'https://w3id.org/security/v1': security_v1,
 	'https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams': activitystreams,
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApImageService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApImageService.ts
index 0043907c21..1f2984894c 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApImageService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApImageService.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { DriveFilesRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
-import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import type { RemoteUser } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import type { DriveFile } from '@/models/entities/DriveFile.js';
 import { MetaService } from '@/core/MetaService.js';
@@ -10,18 +9,16 @@ import { DB_MAX_IMAGE_COMMENT_LENGTH } from '@/const.js';
 import { DriveService } from '@/core/DriveService.js';
 import type Logger from '@/logger.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { checkHttps } from '@/misc/check-https.js';
 import { ApResolverService } from '../ApResolverService.js';
 import { ApLoggerService } from '../ApLoggerService.js';
-import { checkHttps } from '@/misc/check-https.js';
+import type { IObject } from '../type.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ApImageService {
 	private logger: Logger;
 
 	constructor(
-		@Inject(DI.config)
-		private config: Config,
-
 		@Inject(DI.driveFilesRepository)
 		private driveFilesRepository: DriveFilesRepository,
 
@@ -32,21 +29,25 @@ export class ApImageService {
 	) {
 		this.logger = this.apLoggerService.logger;
 	}
-	
+
 	/**
 	 * Imageを作成します。
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async createImage(actor: RemoteUser, value: any): Promise<DriveFile> {
+	public async createImage(actor: RemoteUser, value: string | IObject): Promise<DriveFile> {
 		// 投稿者が凍結されていたらスキップ
 		if (actor.isSuspended) {
 			throw new Error('actor has been suspended');
 		}
 
-		const image = await this.apResolverService.createResolver().resolve(value) as any;
+		const image = await this.apResolverService.createResolver().resolve(value);
 
 		if (image.url == null) {
-			throw new Error('invalid image: url not privided');
+			throw new Error('invalid image: url not provided');
+		}
+
+		if (typeof image.url !== 'string') {
+			throw new Error('invalid image: unexpected type of url: ' + JSON.stringify(image.url, null, 2));
 		}
 
 		if (!checkHttps(image.url)) {
@@ -57,29 +58,24 @@ export class ApImageService {
 
 		const instance = await this.metaService.fetch();
 
-		let file = await this.driveService.uploadFromUrl({
+		// Cache if remote file cache is on AND either
+		// 1. remote sensitive file is also on
+		// 2. or the image is not sensitive
+		const shouldBeCached = instance.cacheRemoteFiles && (instance.cacheRemoteSensitiveFiles || !image.sensitive);
+
+		const file = await this.driveService.uploadFromUrl({
 			url: image.url,
 			user: actor,
 			uri: image.url,
 			sensitive: image.sensitive,
-			isLink: !instance.cacheRemoteFiles,
-			comment: truncate(image.name, DB_MAX_IMAGE_COMMENT_LENGTH),
+			isLink: !shouldBeCached,
+			comment: truncate(image.name ?? undefined, DB_MAX_IMAGE_COMMENT_LENGTH),
 		});
+		if (!file.isLink || file.url === image.url) return file;
 
-		if (file.isLink) {
-			// URLが異なっている場合、同じ画像が以前に異なるURLで登録されていたということなので、
-			// URLを更新する
-			if (file.url !== image.url) {
-				await this.driveFilesRepository.update({ id: file.id }, {
-					url: image.url,
-					uri: image.url,
-				});
-
-				file = await this.driveFilesRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: file.id });
-			}
-		}
-
-		return file;
+		// URLが異なっている場合、同じ画像が以前に異なるURLで登録されていたということなので、URLを更新する
+		await this.driveFilesRepository.update({ id: file.id }, { url: image.url, uri: image.url });
+		return await this.driveFilesRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: file.id });
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -89,7 +85,7 @@ export class ApImageService {
 	 * リモートサーバーからフェッチしてMisskeyに登録しそれを返します。
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async resolveImage(actor: RemoteUser, value: any): Promise<DriveFile> {
+	public async resolveImage(actor: RemoteUser, value: string | IObject): Promise<DriveFile> {
 		// TODO
 
 		// リモートサーバーからフェッチしてきて登録
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApMentionService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApMentionService.ts
index c581840ca9..62ae3cf93d 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApMentionService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApMentionService.ts
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@ export class ApMentionService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async extractApMentions(tags: IObject | IObject[] | null | undefined, resolver: Resolver) {
-		const hrefs = unique(this.extractApMentionObjects(tags).map(x => x.href as string));
+	public async extractApMentions(tags: IObject | IObject[] | null | undefined, resolver: Resolver): Promise<User[]> {
+		const hrefs = unique(this.extractApMentionObjects(tags).map(x => x.href));
 
 		const limit = promiseLimit<User | null>(2);
 		const mentionedUsers = (await Promise.all(
 			hrefs.map(x => limit(() => this.apPersonService.resolvePerson(x, resolver).catch(() => null))),
 		)).filter((x): x is User => x != null);
-	
+
 		return mentionedUsers;
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	public extractApMentionObjects(tags: IObject | IObject[] | null | undefined): IApMention[] {
 		if (tags == null) return [];
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApNoteService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApNoteService.ts
index 76757f530a..46ed976a6b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApNoteService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApNoteService.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import { UtilityService } from '@/core/UtilityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { checkHttps } from '@/misc/check-https.js';
 import { getOneApId, getApId, getOneApHrefNullable, validPost, isEmoji, getApType } from '../type.js';
-// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports
 import { ApLoggerService } from '../ApLoggerService.js';
 import { ApMfmService } from '../ApMfmService.js';
 import { ApDbResolverService } from '../ApDbResolverService.js';
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 		// 循環参照のため / for circular dependency
 		@Inject(forwardRef(() => ApPersonService))
 		private apPersonService: ApPersonService,
-	
+
 		private utilityService: UtilityService,
 		private apAudienceService: ApAudienceService,
 		private apMentionService: ApMentionService,
@@ -72,17 +71,13 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public validateNote(object: IObject, uri: string) {
+	public validateNote(object: IObject, uri: string): Error | null {
 		const expectHost = this.utilityService.extractDbHost(uri);
-	
-		if (object == null) {
-			return new Error('invalid Note: object is null');
-		}
-	
+
 		if (!validPost.includes(getApType(object))) {
 			return new Error(`invalid Note: invalid object type ${getApType(object)}`);
 		}
-	
+
 		if (object.id && this.utilityService.extractDbHost(object.id) !== expectHost) {
 			return new Error(`invalid Note: id has different host. expected: ${expectHost}, actual: ${this.utilityService.extractDbHost(object.id)}`);
 		}
@@ -91,10 +86,10 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 		if (object.attributedTo && actualHost !== expectHost) {
 			return new Error(`invalid Note: attributedTo has different host. expected: ${expectHost}, actual: ${actualHost}`);
 		}
-	
+
 		return null;
 	}
-	
+
 	/**
 	 * Noteをフェッチします。
 	 *
@@ -104,31 +99,30 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 	public async fetchNote(object: string | IObject): Promise<Note | null> {
 		return await this.apDbResolverService.getNoteFromApId(object);
 	}
-	
+
 	/**
 	 * Noteを作成します。
 	 */
 	@bindThis
 	public async createNote(value: string | IObject, resolver?: Resolver, silent = false): Promise<Note | null> {
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		if (resolver == null) resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
-	
+
 		const object = await resolver.resolve(value);
-	
+
 		const entryUri = getApId(value);
 		const err = this.validateNote(object, entryUri);
 		if (err) {
-			this.logger.error(`${err.message}`, {
-				resolver: {
-					history: resolver.getHistory(),
-				},
-				value: value,
-				object: object,
+			this.logger.error(err.message, {
+				resolver: { history: resolver.getHistory() },
+				value,
+				object,
 			});
 			throw new Error('invalid note');
 		}
-	
+
 		const note = object as IPost;
-	
+
 		this.logger.debug(`Note fetched: ${JSON.stringify(note, null, 2)}`);
 
 		if (note.id && !checkHttps(note.id)) {
@@ -140,21 +134,25 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 		if (url && !checkHttps(url)) {
 			throw new Error('unexpected shcema of note url: ' + url);
 		}
-	
+
 		this.logger.info(`Creating the Note: ${note.id}`);
-	
+
 		// 投稿者をフェッチ
-		const actor = await this.apPersonService.resolvePerson(getOneApId(note.attributedTo!), resolver) as RemoteUser;
-	
+		if (note.attributedTo == null) {
+			throw new Error('invalid note.attributedTo: ' + note.attributedTo);
+		}
+
+		const actor = await this.apPersonService.resolvePerson(getOneApId(note.attributedTo), resolver) as RemoteUser;
+
 		// 投稿者が凍結されていたらスキップ
 		if (actor.isSuspended) {
 			throw new Error('actor has been suspended');
 		}
-		
+
 		const noteAudience = await this.apAudienceService.parseAudience(actor, note.to, note.cc, resolver);
 		let visibility = noteAudience.visibility;
 		const visibleUsers = noteAudience.visibleUsers;
-	
+
 		// Audience (to, cc) が指定されてなかった場合
 		if (visibility === 'specified' && visibleUsers.length === 0) {
 			if (typeof value === 'string') {	// 入力がstringならばresolverでGETが発生している
@@ -162,81 +160,71 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 				visibility = 'public';
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		const apMentions = await this.apMentionService.extractApMentions(note.tag, resolver);
-		const apHashtags = await extractApHashtags(note.tag);
-	
+		const apHashtags = extractApHashtags(note.tag);
+
 		// 添付ファイル
 		// TODO: attachmentは必ずしもImageではない
 		// TODO: attachmentは必ずしも配列ではない
-		// Noteがsensitiveなら添付もsensitiveにする
-		const limit = promiseLimit(2);
-	
-		note.attachment = Array.isArray(note.attachment) ? note.attachment : note.attachment ? [note.attachment] : [];
-		const files = note.attachment
-			.map(attach => attach.sensitive = note.sensitive)
-			? (await Promise.all(note.attachment.map(x => limit(() => this.apImageService.resolveImage(actor, x)) as Promise<DriveFile>)))
-				.filter(image => image != null)
-			: [];
-	
+		const limit = promiseLimit<DriveFile>(2);
+		const files = (await Promise.all(toArray(note.attachment).map(attach => (
+			limit(() => this.apImageService.resolveImage(actor, {
+				...attach,
+				sensitive: note.sensitive, // Noteがsensitiveなら添付もsensitiveにする
+			}))
+		))));
+
 		// リプライ
 		const reply: Note | null = note.inReplyTo
-			? await this.resolveNote(note.inReplyTo, resolver).then(x => {
-				if (x == null) {
-					this.logger.warn('Specified inReplyTo, but not found');
-					throw new Error('inReplyTo not found');
-				} else {
+			? await this.resolveNote(note.inReplyTo, { resolver })
+				.then(x => {
+					if (x == null) {
+						this.logger.warn('Specified inReplyTo, but not found');
+						throw new Error('inReplyTo not found');
+					}
+
 					return x;
-				}
-			}).catch(async err => {
-				this.logger.warn(`Error in inReplyTo ${note.inReplyTo} - ${err.statusCode ?? err}`);
-				throw err;
-			})
+				})
+				.catch(async err => {
+					this.logger.warn(`Error in inReplyTo ${note.inReplyTo} - ${err.statusCode ?? err}`);
+					throw err;
+				})
 			: null;
-	
+
 		// 引用
-		let quote: Note | undefined | null;
-	
+		let quote: Note | undefined | null = null;
+
 		if (note._misskey_quote || note.quoteUrl) {
-			const tryResolveNote = async (uri: string): Promise<{
-				status: 'ok';
-				res: Note | null;
-			} | {
-				status: 'permerror' | 'temperror';
-			}> => {
-				if (typeof uri !== 'string' || !uri.match(/^https?:/)) return { status: 'permerror' };
+			const tryResolveNote = async (uri: string): Promise<
+				| { status: 'ok'; res: Note }
+				| { status: 'permerror' | 'temperror' }
+			> => {
+				if (!/^https?:/.test(uri)) return { status: 'permerror' };
 				try {
 					const res = await this.resolveNote(uri);
-					if (res) {
-						return {
-							status: 'ok',
-							res,
-						};
-					} else {
-						return {
-							status: 'permerror',
-						};
-					}
+					if (res == null) return { status: 'permerror' };
+					return { status: 'ok', res };
 				} catch (e) {
 					return {
 						status: (e instanceof StatusError && e.isClientError) ? 'permerror' : 'temperror',
 					};
 				}
 			};
-	
+
 			const uris = unique([note._misskey_quote, note.quoteUrl].filter((x): x is string => typeof x === 'string'));
-			const results = await Promise.all(uris.map(uri => tryResolveNote(uri)));
-	
-			quote = results.filter((x): x is { status: 'ok', res: Note | null } => x.status === 'ok').map(x => x.res).find(x => x);
+			const results = await Promise.all(uris.map(tryResolveNote));
+
+			quote = results.filter((x): x is { status: 'ok', res: Note } => x.status === 'ok').map(x => x.res).at(0);
 			if (!quote) {
 				if (results.some(x => x.status === 'temperror')) {
 					throw new Error('quote resolve failed');
 				}
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		const cw = note.summary === '' ? null : note.summary;
-	
+
 		// テキストのパース
 		let text: string | null = null;
 		if (note.source?.mediaType === 'text/x.misskeymarkdown' && typeof note.source.content === 'string') {
@@ -246,38 +234,38 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 		} else if (typeof note.content === 'string') {
 			text = this.apMfmService.htmlToMfm(note.content, note.tag);
 		}
-	
+
 		// vote
 		if (reply && reply.hasPoll) {
 			const poll = await this.pollsRepository.findOneByOrFail({ noteId: reply.id });
-	
+
 			const tryCreateVote = async (name: string, index: number): Promise<null> => {
 				if (poll.expiresAt && Date.now() > new Date(poll.expiresAt).getTime()) {
 					this.logger.warn(`vote to expired poll from AP: actor=${actor.username}@${actor.host}, note=${note.id}, choice=${name}`);
 				} else if (index >= 0) {
 					this.logger.info(`vote from AP: actor=${actor.username}@${actor.host}, note=${note.id}, choice=${name}`);
 					await this.pollService.vote(actor, reply, index);
-	
+
 					// リモートフォロワーにUpdate配信
 					this.pollService.deliverQuestionUpdate(reply.id);
 				}
 				return null;
 			};
-	
+
 			if (note.name) {
 				return await tryCreateVote(note.name, poll.choices.findIndex(x => x === note.name));
 			}
 		}
-	
+
 		const emojis = await this.extractEmojis(note.tag ?? [], actor.host).catch(e => {
 			this.logger.info(`extractEmojis: ${e}`);
-			return [] as Emoji[];
+			return [];
 		});
-	
+
 		const apEmojis = emojis.map(emoji => emoji.name);
-	
+
 		const poll = await this.apQuestionService.extractPollFromQuestion(note, resolver).catch(() => undefined);
-		
+
 		return await this.noteCreateService.create(actor, {
 			createdAt: note.published ? new Date(note.published) : null,
 			files,
@@ -297,7 +285,7 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 			url: url,
 		}, silent);
 	}
-	
+
 	/**
 	 * Noteを解決します。
 	 *
@@ -305,94 +293,91 @@ export class ApNoteService {
 	 * リモートサーバーからフェッチしてMisskeyに登録しそれを返します。
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async resolveNote(value: string | IObject, resolver?: Resolver): Promise<Note | null> {
-		const uri = typeof value === 'string' ? value : value.id;
-		if (uri == null) throw new Error('missing uri');
-	
-		// ブロックしてたら中断
+	public async resolveNote(value: string | IObject, options: { sentFrom?: URL, resolver?: Resolver } = {}): Promise<Note | null> {
+		const uri = getApId(value);
+
+		// ブロックしていたら中断
 		const meta = await this.metaService.fetch();
-		if (this.utilityService.isBlockedHost(meta.blockedHosts, this.utilityService.extractDbHost(uri))) throw new StatusError('blocked host', 451);
-	
+		if (this.utilityService.isBlockedHost(meta.blockedHosts, this.utilityService.extractDbHost(uri))) {
+			throw new StatusError('blocked host', 451);
+		}
+
 		const unlock = await this.appLockService.getApLock(uri);
-	
+
 		try {
 			//#region このサーバーに既に登録されていたらそれを返す
 			const exist = await this.fetchNote(uri);
-	
-			if (exist) {
-				return exist;
-			}
+			if (exist) return exist;
 			//#endregion
-	
+
 			if (uri.startsWith(this.config.url)) {
 				throw new StatusError('cannot resolve local note', 400, 'cannot resolve local note');
 			}
-	
+
 			// リモートサーバーからフェッチしてきて登録
 			// ここでuriの代わりに添付されてきたNote Objectが指定されていると、サーバーフェッチを経ずにノートが生成されるが
 			// 添付されてきたNote Objectは偽装されている可能性があるため、常にuriを指定してサーバーフェッチを行う。
-			return await this.createNote(uri, resolver, true);
+			const createFrom = options.sentFrom?.origin === new URL(uri).origin ? value : uri;
+			return await this.createNote(createFrom, options.resolver, true);
 		} finally {
 			unlock();
 		}
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	public async extractEmojis(tags: IObject | IObject[], host: string): Promise<Emoji[]> {
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		host = this.utilityService.toPuny(host);
-	
-		if (!tags) return [];
-	
+
 		const eomjiTags = toArray(tags).filter(isEmoji);
 
 		const existingEmojis = await this.emojisRepository.findBy({
 			host,
-			name: In(eomjiTags.map(tag => tag.name!.replaceAll(':', ''))),
+			name: In(eomjiTags.map(tag => tag.name.replaceAll(':', ''))),
 		});
-	
+
 		return await Promise.all(eomjiTags.map(async tag => {
-			const name = tag.name!.replaceAll(':', '');
+			const name = tag.name.replaceAll(':', '');
 			tag.icon = toSingle(tag.icon);
-	
+
 			const exists = existingEmojis.find(x => x.name === name);
-	
+
 			if (exists) {
-				if ((tag.updated != null && exists.updatedAt == null)
+				if ((exists.updatedAt == null)
 					|| (tag.id != null && exists.uri == null)
-					|| (tag.updated != null && exists.updatedAt != null && new Date(tag.updated) > exists.updatedAt)
-					|| (tag.icon!.url !== exists.originalUrl)
+					|| (new Date(tag.updated) > exists.updatedAt)
+					|| (tag.icon.url !== exists.originalUrl)
 				) {
 					await this.emojisRepository.update({
 						host,
 						name,
 					}, {
 						uri: tag.id,
-						originalUrl: tag.icon!.url,
-						publicUrl: tag.icon!.url,
+						originalUrl: tag.icon.url,
+						publicUrl: tag.icon.url,
 						updatedAt: new Date(),
 					});
-	
-					return await this.emojisRepository.findOneBy({
-						host,
-						name,
-					}) as Emoji;
+
+					const emoji = await this.emojisRepository.findOneBy({ host, name });
+					if (emoji == null) throw new Error('emoji update failed');
+					return emoji;
 				}
-	
+
 				return exists;
 			}
-	
+
 			this.logger.info(`register emoji host=${host}, name=${name}`);
-	
+
 			return await this.emojisRepository.insert({
 				id: this.idService.genId(),
 				host,
 				name,
 				uri: tag.id,
-				originalUrl: tag.icon!.url,
-				publicUrl: tag.icon!.url,
+				originalUrl: tag.icon.url,
+				publicUrl: tag.icon.url,
 				updatedAt: new Date(),
 				aliases: [],
-			} as Partial<Emoji>).then(x => this.emojisRepository.findOneByOrFail(x.identifiers[0]));
+			}).then(x => this.emojisRepository.findOneByOrFail(x.identifiers[0]));
 		}));
 	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApPersonService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApPersonService.ts
index f52ebed107..8fc083719d 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApPersonService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApPersonService.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import promiseLimit from 'promise-limit';
 import { DataSource } from 'typeorm';
 import { ModuleRef } from '@nestjs/core';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
-import type { BlockingsRepository, MutingsRepository, FollowingsRepository, InstancesRepository, UserProfilesRepository, UserPublickeysRepository, UsersRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
+import type { FollowingsRepository, InstancesRepository, UserProfilesRepository, UserPublickeysRepository, UsersRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import type { LocalUser, RemoteUser } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import type Logger from '@/logger.js';
 import type { Note } from '@/models/entities/Note.js';
 import type { IdService } from '@/core/IdService.js';
 import type { MfmService } from '@/core/MfmService.js';
-import type { Emoji } from '@/models/entities/Emoji.js';
 import { toArray } from '@/misc/prelude/array.js';
 import type { GlobalEventService } from '@/core/GlobalEventService.js';
 import type { FederatedInstanceService } from '@/core/FederatedInstanceService.js';
@@ -48,6 +47,8 @@ import type { IActor, IObject } from '../type.js';
 const nameLength = 128;
 const summaryLength = 2048;
 
+type Field = Record<'name' | 'value', string>;
+
 @Injectable()
 export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 	private utilityService: UtilityService;
@@ -94,28 +95,10 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 
 		@Inject(DI.followingsRepository)
 		private followingsRepository: FollowingsRepository,
-
-		//private utilityService: UtilityService,
-		//private userEntityService: UserEntityService,
-		//private idService: IdService,
-		//private globalEventService: GlobalEventService,
-		//private metaService: MetaService,
-		//private federatedInstanceService: FederatedInstanceService,
-		//private fetchInstanceMetadataService: FetchInstanceMetadataService,
-		//private cacheService: CacheService,
-		//private apResolverService: ApResolverService,
-		//private apNoteService: ApNoteService,
-		//private apImageService: ApImageService,
-		//private apMfmService: ApMfmService,
-		//private mfmService: MfmService,
-		//private hashtagService: HashtagService,
-		//private usersChart: UsersChart,
-		//private instanceChart: InstanceChart,
-		//private apLoggerService: ApLoggerService,
 	) {
 	}
 
-	onModuleInit() {
+	onModuleInit(): void {
 		this.utilityService = this.moduleRef.get('UtilityService');
 		this.userEntityService = this.moduleRef.get('UserEntityService');
 		this.driveFileEntityService = this.moduleRef.get('DriveFileEntityService');
@@ -153,10 +136,6 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 	private validateActor(x: IObject, uri: string): IActor {
 		const expectHost = this.punyHost(uri);
 
-		if (x == null) {
-			throw new Error('invalid Actor: object is null');
-		}
-
 		if (!isActor(x)) {
 			throw new Error(`invalid Actor type '${x.type}'`);
 		}
@@ -218,21 +197,19 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 	 */
 	@bindThis
 	public async fetchPerson(uri: string): Promise<LocalUser | RemoteUser | null> {
-		if (typeof uri !== 'string') throw new Error('uri is not string');
-
-		const cached = this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.get(uri) as LocalUser | RemoteUser | null;
+		const cached = this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.get(uri) as LocalUser | RemoteUser | null | undefined;
 		if (cached) return cached;
 
 		// URIがこのサーバーを指しているならデータベースからフェッチ
 		if (uri.startsWith(`${this.config.url}/`)) {
 			const id = uri.split('/').pop();
-			const u = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ id }) as LocalUser;
+			const u = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ id }) as LocalUser | null;
 			if (u) this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.set(uri, u);
 			return u;
 		}
 
 		//#region このサーバーに既に登録されていたらそれを返す
-		const exist = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ uri }) as LocalUser | RemoteUser;
+		const exist = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ uri }) as LocalUser | RemoteUser | null;
 
 		if (exist) {
 			this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.set(uri, exist);
@@ -243,6 +220,23 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		return null;
 	}
 
+	private async resolveAvatarAndBanner(user: RemoteUser, icon: any, image: any): Promise<Pick<RemoteUser, 'avatarId' | 'bannerId' | 'avatarUrl' | 'bannerUrl' | 'avatarBlurhash' | 'bannerBlurhash'>> {
+		const [avatar, banner] = await Promise.all([icon, image].map(img => {
+			if (img == null) return null;
+			if (user == null) throw new Error('failed to create user: user is null');
+			return this.apImageService.resolveImage(user, img).catch(() => null);
+		}));
+
+		return {
+			avatarId: avatar?.id ?? null,
+			bannerId: banner?.id ?? null,
+			avatarUrl: avatar ? this.driveFileEntityService.getPublicUrl(avatar, 'avatar') : null,
+			bannerUrl: banner ? this.driveFileEntityService.getPublicUrl(banner) : null,
+			avatarBlurhash: avatar?.blurhash ?? null,
+			bannerBlurhash: banner?.blurhash ?? null,
+		};
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Personを作成します。
 	 */
@@ -254,9 +248,11 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 			throw new StatusError('cannot resolve local user', 400, 'cannot resolve local user');
 		}
 
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		if (resolver == null) resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
 
-		const object = await resolver.resolve(uri) as any;
+		const object = await resolver.resolve(uri);
+		if (object.id == null) throw new Error('invalid object.id: ' + object.id);
 
 		const person = this.validateActor(object, uri);
 
@@ -264,9 +260,9 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 
 		const host = this.punyHost(object.id);
 
-		const { fields } = this.analyzeAttachments(person.attachment ?? []);
+		const fields = this.analyzeAttachments(person.attachment ?? []);
 
-		const tags = extractApHashtags(person.tag).map(tag => normalizeForSearch(tag)).splice(0, 32);
+		const tags = extractApHashtags(person.tag).map(normalizeForSearch).splice(0, 32);
 
 		const isBot = getApType(object) === 'Service';
 
@@ -279,9 +275,19 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		}
 
 		// Create user
-		let user: RemoteUser;
+		let user: RemoteUser | null = null;
+
+		//#region カスタム絵文字取得
+		const emojis = await this.apNoteService.extractEmojis(person.tag ?? [], host)
+			.then(_emojis => _emojis.map(emoji => emoji.name))
+			.catch(err => {
+				this.logger.error(`error occured while fetching user emojis`, { stack: err });
+				return [];
+			});
+		//#endregion
+
 		try {
-		// Start transaction
+			// Start transaction
 			await this.db.transaction(async transactionalEntityManager => {
 				user = await transactionalEntityManager.save(new User({
 					id: this.idService.genId(),
@@ -290,30 +296,31 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 					createdAt: new Date(),
 					lastFetchedAt: new Date(),
 					name: truncate(person.name, nameLength),
-					isLocked: !!person.manuallyApprovesFollowers,
+					isLocked: person.manuallyApprovesFollowers,
 					movedToUri: person.movedTo,
 					movedAt: person.movedTo ? new Date() : null,
 					alsoKnownAs: person.alsoKnownAs,
-					isExplorable: !!person.discoverable,
+					isExplorable: person.discoverable,
 					username: person.preferredUsername,
-					usernameLower: person.preferredUsername!.toLowerCase(),
+					usernameLower: person.preferredUsername?.toLowerCase(),
 					host,
 					inbox: person.inbox,
-					sharedInbox: person.sharedInbox ?? (person.endpoints ? person.endpoints.sharedInbox : undefined),
+					sharedInbox: person.sharedInbox ?? person.endpoints?.sharedInbox,
 					followersUri: person.followers ? getApId(person.followers) : undefined,
 					featured: person.featured ? getApId(person.featured) : undefined,
 					uri: person.id,
 					tags,
 					isBot,
 					isCat: (person as any).isCat === true,
+					emojis,
 				})) as RemoteUser;
 
 				await transactionalEntityManager.save(new UserProfile({
 					userId: user.id,
 					description: person.summary ? this.apMfmService.htmlToMfm(truncate(person.summary, summaryLength), person.tag) : null,
-					url: url,
+					url,
 					fields,
-					birthday: bday ? bday[0] : null,
+					birthday: bday?.[0] ?? null,
 					location: person['vcard:Address'] ?? null,
 					userHost: host,
 				}));
@@ -327,24 +334,24 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 				}
 			});
 		} catch (e) {
-		// duplicate key error
+			// duplicate key error
 			if (isDuplicateKeyValueError(e)) {
-			// /users/@a => /users/:id のように入力がaliasなときにエラーになることがあるのを対応
-				const u = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({
-					uri: person.id,
-				});
+				// /users/@a => /users/:id のように入力がaliasなときにエラーになることがあるのを対応
+				const u = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ uri: person.id });
+				if (u == null) throw new Error('already registered');
 
-				if (u) {
-					user = u as RemoteUser;
-				} else {
-					throw new Error('already registered');
-				}
+				user = u as RemoteUser;
 			} else {
 				this.logger.error(e instanceof Error ? e : new Error(e as string));
 				throw e;
 			}
 		}
 
+		if (user == null) throw new Error('failed to create user: user is null');
+
+		// Register to the cache
+		this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.set(user.uri, user);
+
 		// Register host
 		this.federatedInstanceService.fetch(host).then(async i => {
 			this.instancesRepository.increment({ id: i.id }, 'usersCount', 1);
@@ -354,68 +361,34 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 			}
 		});
 
-		this.usersChart.update(user!, true);
+		this.usersChart.update(user, true);
 
 		// ハッシュタグ更新
-		this.hashtagService.updateUsertags(user!, tags);
+		this.hashtagService.updateUsertags(user, tags);
 
 		//#region アバターとヘッダー画像をフェッチ
-		const [avatar, banner] = await Promise.all([
-			person.icon,
-			person.image,
-		].map(img =>
-			img == null
-				? Promise.resolve(null)
-				: this.apImageService.resolveImage(user!, img).catch(() => null),
-		));
-
-		const avatarId = avatar ? avatar.id : null;
-		const bannerId = banner ? banner.id : null;
-		const avatarUrl = avatar ? this.driveFileEntityService.getPublicUrl(avatar, 'avatar') : null;
-		const bannerUrl = banner ? this.driveFileEntityService.getPublicUrl(banner) : null;
-		const avatarBlurhash = avatar ? avatar.blurhash : null;
-		const bannerBlurhash = banner ? banner.blurhash : null;
-
-		await this.usersRepository.update(user!.id, {
-			avatarId,
-			bannerId,
-			avatarUrl,
-			bannerUrl,
-			avatarBlurhash,
-			bannerBlurhash,
-		});
-
-		user!.avatarId = avatarId;
-		user!.bannerId = bannerId;
-		user!.avatarUrl = avatarUrl;
-		user!.bannerUrl = bannerUrl;
-		user!.avatarBlurhash = avatarBlurhash;
-		user!.bannerBlurhash = bannerBlurhash;
-		//#endregion
-
-		//#region カスタム絵文字取得
-		const emojis = await this.apNoteService.extractEmojis(person.tag ?? [], host).catch(err => {
-			this.logger.info(`extractEmojis: ${err}`);
-			return [] as Emoji[];
-		});
-
-		const emojiNames = emojis.map(emoji => emoji.name);
+		try {
+			const updates = await this.resolveAvatarAndBanner(user, person.icon, person.image);
+			await this.usersRepository.update(user.id, updates);
+			user = { ...user, ...updates };
 
-		await this.usersRepository.update(user!.id, {
-			emojis: emojiNames,
-		});
+			// Register to the cache
+			this.cacheService.uriPersonCache.set(user.uri, user);
+		} catch (err) {
+			this.logger.error('error occured while fetching user avatar/banner', { stack: err });
+		}
 		//#endregion
 
-		await this.updateFeatured(user!.id, resolver).catch(err => this.logger.error(err));
+		await this.updateFeatured(user.id, resolver).catch(err => this.logger.error(err));
 
-		return user!;
+		return user;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Personの情報を更新します。
 	 * Misskeyに対象のPersonが登録されていなければ無視します。
 	 * もしアカウントの移行が確認された場合、アカウント移行処理を行います。
-	 * 
+	 *
 	 * @param uri URI of Person
 	 * @param resolver Resolver
 	 * @param hint Hint of Person object (この値が正当なPersonの場合、Remote resolveをせずに更新に利用します)
@@ -426,18 +399,14 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		if (typeof uri !== 'string') throw new Error('uri is not string');
 
 		// URIがこのサーバーを指しているならスキップ
-		if (uri.startsWith(`${this.config.url}/`)) {
-			return;
-		}
+		if (uri.startsWith(`${this.config.url}/`)) return;
 
 		//#region このサーバーに既に登録されているか
-		const exist = await this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ uri }) as RemoteUser | null;
-
-		if (exist === null) {
-			return;
-		}
+		const exist = await this.fetchPerson(uri) as RemoteUser | null;
+		if (exist === null) return;
 		//#endregion
 
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		if (resolver == null) resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
 
 		const object = hint ?? await resolver.resolve(uri);
@@ -446,27 +415,17 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 
 		this.logger.info(`Updating the Person: ${person.id}`);
 
-		// アバターとヘッダー画像をフェッチ
-		const [avatar, banner] = await Promise.all([
-			person.icon,
-			person.image,
-		].map(img =>
-			img == null
-				? Promise.resolve(null)
-				: this.apImageService.resolveImage(exist, img).catch(() => null),
-		));
-
 		// カスタム絵文字取得
 		const emojis = await this.apNoteService.extractEmojis(person.tag ?? [], exist.host).catch(e => {
 			this.logger.info(`extractEmojis: ${e}`);
-			return [] as Emoji[];
+			return [];
 		});
 
 		const emojiNames = emojis.map(emoji => emoji.name);
 
-		const { fields } = this.analyzeAttachments(person.attachment ?? []);
+		const fields = this.analyzeAttachments(person.attachment ?? []);
 
-		const tags = extractApHashtags(person.tag).map(tag => normalizeForSearch(tag)).splice(0, 32);
+		const tags = extractApHashtags(person.tag).map(normalizeForSearch).splice(0, 32);
 
 		const bday = person['vcard:bday']?.match(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}/);
 
@@ -479,7 +438,7 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		const updates = {
 			lastFetchedAt: new Date(),
 			inbox: person.inbox,
-			sharedInbox: person.sharedInbox ?? (person.endpoints ? person.endpoints.sharedInbox : undefined),
+			sharedInbox: person.sharedInbox ?? person.endpoints?.sharedInbox,
 			followersUri: person.followers ? getApId(person.followers) : undefined,
 			featured: person.featured,
 			emojis: emojiNames,
@@ -487,33 +446,33 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 			tags,
 			isBot: getApType(object) === 'Service',
 			isCat: (person as any).isCat === true,
-			isLocked: !!person.manuallyApprovesFollowers,
+			isLocked: person.manuallyApprovesFollowers,
 			movedToUri: person.movedTo ?? null,
 			alsoKnownAs: person.alsoKnownAs ?? null,
-			isExplorable: !!person.discoverable,
+			isExplorable: person.discoverable,
+			...(await this.resolveAvatarAndBanner(exist, person.icon, person.image).catch(() => ({}))),
 		} as Partial<RemoteUser> & Pick<RemoteUser, 'isBot' | 'isCat' | 'isLocked' | 'movedToUri' | 'alsoKnownAs' | 'isExplorable'>;
 
-		const moving =
+		const moving = ((): boolean => {
 			// 移行先がない→ある
-			(!exist.movedToUri && updates.movedToUri) ||
+			if (
+				exist.movedToUri === null &&
+				updates.movedToUri
+			) return true;
+
 			// 移行先がある→別のもの
-			(exist.movedToUri !== updates.movedToUri && exist.movedToUri && updates.movedToUri);
+			if (
+				exist.movedToUri !== null &&
+				updates.movedToUri !== null &&
+				exist.movedToUri !== updates.movedToUri
+			) return true;
+
 			// 移行先がある→ない、ない→ないは無視
+			return false;
+		})();
 
 		if (moving) updates.movedAt = new Date();
 
-		if (avatar) {
-			updates.avatarId = avatar.id;
-			updates.avatarUrl = this.driveFileEntityService.getPublicUrl(avatar, 'avatar');
-			updates.avatarBlurhash = avatar.blurhash;
-		}
-
-		if (banner) {
-			updates.bannerId = banner.id;
-			updates.bannerUrl = this.driveFileEntityService.getPublicUrl(banner);
-			updates.bannerBlurhash = banner.blurhash;
-		}
-
 		// Update user
 		await this.usersRepository.update(exist.id, updates);
 
@@ -525,10 +484,10 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		}
 
 		await this.userProfilesRepository.update({ userId: exist.id }, {
-			url: url,
+			url,
 			fields,
 			description: person.summary ? this.apMfmService.htmlToMfm(truncate(person.summary, summaryLength), person.tag) : null,
-			birthday: bday ? bday[0] : null,
+			birthday: bday?.[0] ?? null,
 			location: person['vcard:Address'] ?? null,
 		});
 
@@ -538,11 +497,10 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		this.hashtagService.updateUsertags(exist, tags);
 
 		// 該当ユーザーが既にフォロワーになっていた場合はFollowingもアップデートする
-		await this.followingsRepository.update({
-			followerId: exist.id,
-		}, {
-			followerSharedInbox: person.sharedInbox ?? (person.endpoints ? person.endpoints.sharedInbox : undefined),
-		});
+		await this.followingsRepository.update(
+			{ followerId: exist.id },
+			{ followerSharedInbox: person.sharedInbox ?? person.endpoints?.sharedInbox },
+		);
 
 		await this.updateFeatured(exist.id, resolver).catch(err => this.logger.error(err));
 
@@ -580,27 +538,22 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 	 */
 	@bindThis
 	public async resolvePerson(uri: string, resolver?: Resolver): Promise<LocalUser | RemoteUser> {
-		if (typeof uri !== 'string') throw new Error('uri is not string');
-
 		//#region このサーバーに既に登録されていたらそれを返す
 		const exist = await this.fetchPerson(uri);
-
-		if (exist) {
-			return exist;
-		}
+		if (exist) return exist;
 		//#endregion
 
 		// リモートサーバーからフェッチしてきて登録
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		if (resolver == null) resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
 		return await this.createPerson(uri, resolver);
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public analyzeAttachments(attachments: IObject | IObject[] | undefined) {
-		const fields: {
-		name: string,
-		value: string
-	}[] = [];
+	// TODO: `attachments`が`IObject`だった場合、返り値が`[]`になるようだが構わないのか？
+	public analyzeAttachments(attachments: IObject | IObject[] | undefined): Field[] {
+		const fields: Field[] = [];
+
 		if (Array.isArray(attachments)) {
 			for (const attachment of attachments.filter(isPropertyValue)) {
 				fields.push({
@@ -610,11 +563,11 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 			}
 		}
 
-		return { fields };
+		return fields;
 	}
 
 	@bindThis
-	public async updateFeatured(userId: User['id'], resolver?: Resolver) {
+	public async updateFeatured(userId: User['id'], resolver?: Resolver): Promise<void> {
 		const user = await this.usersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: userId });
 		if (!this.userEntityService.isRemoteUser(user)) return;
 		if (!user.featured) return;
@@ -636,20 +589,23 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 		const featuredNotes = await Promise.all(items
 			.filter(item => getApType(item) === 'Note')	// TODO: Noteでなくてもいいかも
 			.slice(0, 5)
-			.map(item => limit(() => this.apNoteService.resolveNote(item, _resolver))));
+			.map(item => limit(() => this.apNoteService.resolveNote(item, {
+				resolver: _resolver,
+				sentFrom: new URL(user.uri),
+			}))));
 
 		await this.db.transaction(async transactionalEntityManager => {
 			await transactionalEntityManager.delete(UserNotePining, { userId: user.id });
 
 			// とりあえずidを別の時間で生成して順番を維持
 			let td = 0;
-			for (const note of featuredNotes.filter(note => note != null)) {
+			for (const note of featuredNotes.filter((note): note is Note => note != null)) {
 				td -= 1000;
 				transactionalEntityManager.insert(UserNotePining, {
 					id: this.idService.genId(new Date(Date.now() + td)),
 					createdAt: new Date(),
 					userId: user.id,
-					noteId: note!.id,
+					noteId: note.id,
 				});
 			}
 		});
@@ -688,7 +644,7 @@ export class ApPersonService implements OnModuleInit {
 			// (uriが存在しなかったり応答がなかったりする場合resolvePersonはthrow Errorする)
 			dst = await this.resolvePerson(src.movedToUri);
 		}
- 
+
 		if (dst.movedToUri === dst.uri) return 'skip: movedTo itself (dst)'; // ？？？
 		if (src.movedToUri !== dst.uri) return 'skip: missmatch uri'; // ？？？
 		if (dst.movedToUri === src.uri) return 'skip: dst.movedToUri === src.uri';
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApQuestionService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApQuestionService.ts
index 13a2f0fa5c..229a44f90f 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApQuestionService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/ApQuestionService.ts
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import type { NotesRepository, PollsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
 import type { IPoll } from '@/models/entities/Poll.js';
 import type Logger from '@/logger.js';
+import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { isQuestion } from '../type.js';
 import { ApLoggerService } from '../ApLoggerService.js';
 import { ApResolverService } from '../ApResolverService.js';
 import type { Resolver } from '../ApResolverService.js';
 import type { IObject, IQuestion } from '../type.js';
-import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ApQuestionService {
@@ -33,33 +33,25 @@ export class ApQuestionService {
 
 	@bindThis
 	public async extractPollFromQuestion(source: string | IObject, resolver?: Resolver): Promise<IPoll> {
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		if (resolver == null) resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
 
 		const question = await resolver.resolve(source);
+		if (!isQuestion(question)) throw new Error('invalid type');
 
-		if (!isQuestion(question)) {
-			throw new Error('invalid type');
-		}
+		const multiple = question.oneOf === undefined;
+		if (multiple && question.anyOf === undefined) throw new Error('invalid question');
 
-		const multiple = !question.oneOf;
 		const expiresAt = question.endTime ? new Date(question.endTime) : question.closed ? new Date(question.closed) : null;
 
-		if (multiple && !question.anyOf) {
-			throw new Error('invalid question');
-		}
-
-		const choices = question[multiple ? 'anyOf' : 'oneOf']!
-			.map((x, i) => x.name!);
+		const choices = question[multiple ? 'anyOf' : 'oneOf']
+			?.map((x) => x.name)
+			.filter((x): x is string => typeof x === 'string')
+			?? [];
 
-		const votes = question[multiple ? 'anyOf' : 'oneOf']!
-			.map((x, i) => x.replies && x.replies.totalItems || x._misskey_votes || 0);
+		const votes = question[multiple ? 'anyOf' : 'oneOf']?.map((x) => x.replies?.totalItems ?? x._misskey_votes ?? 0);
 
-		return {
-			choices,
-			votes,
-			multiple,
-			expiresAt,
-		};
+		return { choices, votes, multiple, expiresAt };
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -68,8 +60,9 @@ export class ApQuestionService {
 	 * @returns true if updated
 	 */
 	@bindThis
-	public async updateQuestion(value: any, resolver?: Resolver) {
+	public async updateQuestion(value: string | IObject, resolver?: Resolver): Promise<boolean> {
 		const uri = typeof value === 'string' ? value : value.id;
+		if (uri == null) throw new Error('uri is null');
 
 		// URIがこのサーバーを指しているならスキップ
 		if (uri.startsWith(this.config.url + '/')) throw new Error('uri points local');
@@ -83,6 +76,7 @@ export class ApQuestionService {
 		//#endregion
 
 		// resolve new Question object
+		// eslint-disable-next-line no-param-reassign
 		if (resolver == null) resolver = this.apResolverService.createResolver();
 		const question = await resolver.resolve(value) as IQuestion;
 		this.logger.debug(`fetched question: ${JSON.stringify(question, null, 2)}`);
@@ -90,12 +84,14 @@ export class ApQuestionService {
 		if (question.type !== 'Question') throw new Error('object is not a Question');
 
 		const apChoices = question.oneOf ?? question.anyOf;
+		if (apChoices == null) throw new Error('invalid apChoices: ' + apChoices);
 
 		let changed = false;
 
 		for (const choice of poll.choices) {
 			const oldCount = poll.votes[poll.choices.indexOf(choice)];
-			const newCount = apChoices!.filter(ap => ap.name === choice)[0].replies!.totalItems;
+			const newCount = apChoices.filter(ap => ap.name === choice).at(0)?.replies?.totalItems;
+			if (newCount == null) throw new Error('invalid newCount: ' + newCount);
 
 			if (oldCount !== newCount) {
 				changed = true;
@@ -103,9 +99,7 @@ export class ApQuestionService {
 			}
 		}
 
-		await this.pollsRepository.update({ noteId: note.id }, {
-			votes: poll.votes,
-		});
+		await this.pollsRepository.update({ noteId: note.id }, { votes: poll.votes });
 
 		return changed;
 	}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/tag.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/tag.ts
index 803846a0b0..9aeb843562 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/tag.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/models/tag.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { toArray } from '@/misc/prelude/array.js';
 import { isHashtag } from '../type.js';
 import type { IObject, IApHashtag } from '../type.js';
 
-export function extractApHashtags(tags: IObject | IObject[] | null | undefined) {
+export function extractApHashtags(tags: IObject | IObject[] | null | undefined): string[] {
 	if (tags == null) return [];
 
 	const hashtags = extractApHashtagObjects(tags);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/type.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/type.ts
index 625135da6c..4bb0fa61ec 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/type.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/activitypub/type.ts
@@ -194,7 +194,6 @@ export interface IApPropertyValue extends IObject {
 }
 
 export const isPropertyValue = (object: IObject): object is IApPropertyValue =>
-	object &&
 	getApType(object) === 'PropertyValue' &&
 	typeof object.name === 'string' &&
 	'value' in object &&
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/chart/core.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/chart/core.ts
index d352adcc1f..7a89233eda 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/chart/core.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/chart/core.ts
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ export default abstract class Chart<T extends Schema> {
 	private convertRawRecord(x: RawRecord<T>): KVs<T> {
 		const kvs = {} as Record<string, number>;
 		for (const k of Object.keys(x).filter((k) => k.startsWith(COLUMN_PREFIX)) as (keyof Columns<T>)[]) {
-			kvs[(k as string).substr(COLUMN_PREFIX.length).split(COLUMN_DELIMITER).join('.')] = x[k] as unknown as number;
+			kvs[(k as string).substring(COLUMN_PREFIX.length).split(COLUMN_DELIMITER).join('.')] = x[k] as unknown as number;
 		}
 		return kvs as KVs<T>;
 	}
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ export default abstract class Chart<T extends Schema> {
 			}
 
 		// 要求された範囲の最も古い箇所に位置するログが存在しなかったら
-		} else if (!isTimeSame(new Date(logs[logs.length - 1].date * 1000), gt)) {
+		} else if (!isTimeSame(new Date(logs.at(-1)!.date * 1000), gt)) {
 			// 要求された範囲の最も古い箇所時点での最も新しいログを持ってきて末尾に追加する
 			// (隙間埋めできないため)
 			const outdatedLog = await repository.findOne({
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AbuseUserReportEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AbuseUserReportEntityService.ts
index 7f8240b8b2..94ae1856b9 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AbuseUserReportEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AbuseUserReportEntityService.ts
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { AbuseUserReportsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { awaitAll } from '@/misc/prelude/await-all.js';
 import type { AbuseUserReport } from '@/models/entities/AbuseUserReport.js';
-import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class AbuseUserReportEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AuthSessionEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AuthSessionEntityService.ts
index b7edc8494e..a1874c63ab 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AuthSessionEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/AuthSessionEntityService.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { AuthSessionsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { awaitAll } from '@/misc/prelude/await-all.js';
 import type { AuthSession } from '@/models/entities/AuthSession.js';
 import type { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
-import { AppEntityService } from './AppEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { AppEntityService } from './AppEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class AuthSessionEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ChannelEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ChannelEntityService.ts
index 15ffd44861..de99ce72c4 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ChannelEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ChannelEntityService.ts
@@ -47,17 +47,26 @@ export class ChannelEntityService {
 
 		const banner = channel.bannerId ? await this.driveFilesRepository.findOneBy({ id: channel.bannerId }) : null;
 
-		const hasUnreadNote = meId ? (await this.noteUnreadsRepository.findOneBy({ noteChannelId: channel.id, userId: meId })) != null : undefined;
+		const hasUnreadNote = meId ? await this.noteUnreadsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				noteChannelId: channel.id,
+				userId: meId,
+			},
+		}) : undefined;
 
-		const following = meId ? await this.channelFollowingsRepository.findOneBy({
-			followerId: meId,
-			followeeId: channel.id,
-		}) : null;
+		const isFollowing = meId ? await this.channelFollowingsRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				followerId: meId,
+				followeeId: channel.id,
+			},
+		}) : false;
 
-		const favorite = meId ? await this.channelFavoritesRepository.findOneBy({
-			userId: meId,
-			channelId: channel.id,
-		}) : null;
+		const isFavorited = meId ? await this.channelFavoritesRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				userId: meId,
+				channelId: channel.id,
+			},
+		}) : false;
 
 		const pinnedNotes = channel.pinnedNoteIds.length > 0 ? await this.notesRepository.find({
 			where: {
@@ -80,8 +89,8 @@ export class ChannelEntityService {
 			notesCount: channel.notesCount,
 
 			...(me ? {
-				isFollowing: following != null,
-				isFavorited: favorite != null,
+				isFollowing,
+				isFavorited,
 				hasUnreadNote,
 			} : {}),
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ClipEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ClipEntityService.ts
index 33d3c53806..f558cbc33d 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ClipEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ClipEntityService.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export class ClipEntityService {
 			description: clip.description,
 			isPublic: clip.isPublic,
 			favoritedCount: await this.clipFavoritesRepository.countBy({ clipId: clip.id }),
-			isFavorited: meId ? await this.clipFavoritesRepository.findOneBy({ clipId: clip.id, userId: meId }).then(x => x != null) : undefined,
+			isFavorited: meId ? await this.clipFavoritesRepository.exist({ where: { clipId: clip.id, userId: meId } }) : undefined,
 		});
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
index d82f36d971..80442af09b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ export class DriveFileEntityService {
 		private videoProcessingService: VideoProcessingService,
 	) {
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	public validateFileName(name: string): boolean {
 		return (
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FlashEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FlashEntityService.ts
index e52a591884..92345457c9 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FlashEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FlashEntityService.ts
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export class FlashEntityService {
 			summary: flash.summary,
 			script: flash.script,
 			likedCount: flash.likedCount,
-			isLiked: meId ? await this.flashLikesRepository.findOneBy({ flashId: flash.id, userId: meId }).then(x => x != null) : undefined,
+			isLiked: meId ? await this.flashLikesRepository.exist({ where: { flashId: flash.id, userId: meId } }) : undefined,
 		});
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FollowRequestEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FollowRequestEntityService.ts
index c2edc6a13a..6f6f4be412 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FollowRequestEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/FollowRequestEntityService.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { FollowRequestsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { } from '@/models/entities/Blocking.js';
 import type { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import type { FollowRequest } from '@/models/entities/FollowRequest.js';
-import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class FollowRequestEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryLikeEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryLikeEntityService.ts
index db46045db3..73c264da94 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryLikeEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryLikeEntityService.ts
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { GalleryLikesRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { } from '@/models/entities/Blocking.js';
 import type { GalleryLike } from '@/models/entities/GalleryLike.js';
-import { GalleryPostEntityService } from './GalleryPostEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { GalleryPostEntityService } from './GalleryPostEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class GalleryLikeEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryPostEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryPostEntityService.ts
index 632c75304f..c44a5df118 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryPostEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/GalleryPostEntityService.ts
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export class GalleryPostEntityService {
 			tags: post.tags.length > 0 ? post.tags : undefined,
 			isSensitive: post.isSensitive,
 			likedCount: post.likedCount,
-			isLiked: meId ? await this.galleryLikesRepository.findOneBy({ postId: post.id, userId: meId }).then(x => x != null) : undefined,
+			isLiked: meId ? await this.galleryLikesRepository.exist({ where: { postId: post.id, userId: meId } }) : undefined,
 		});
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/InviteCodeEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/InviteCodeEntityService.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d8e7a4681
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/InviteCodeEntityService.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
+import type { RegistrationTicketsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
+import { awaitAll } from '@/misc/prelude/await-all.js';
+import type { Packed } from '@/misc/json-schema.js';
+import type { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
+import type { RegistrationTicket } from '@/models/entities/RegistrationTicket.js';
+import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class InviteCodeEntityService {
+	constructor(
+		@Inject(DI.registrationTicketsRepository)
+		private registrationTicketsRepository: RegistrationTicketsRepository,
+
+		private userEntityService: UserEntityService,
+	) {
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
+	public async pack(
+		src: RegistrationTicket['id'] | RegistrationTicket,
+		me?: { id: User['id'] } | null | undefined,
+	): Promise<Packed<'InviteCode'>> {
+		const target = typeof src === 'object' ? src : await this.registrationTicketsRepository.findOneOrFail({
+			where: {
+				id: src,
+			},
+			relations: ['createdBy', 'usedBy'],
+		});
+
+		return await awaitAll({
+			id: target.id,
+			code: target.code,
+			expiresAt: target.expiresAt ? target.expiresAt.toISOString() : null,
+			createdAt: target.createdAt.toISOString(),
+			createdBy: target.createdBy ? await this.userEntityService.pack(target.createdBy, me) : null,
+			usedBy: target.usedBy ? await this.userEntityService.pack(target.usedBy, me) : null,
+			usedAt: target.usedAt ? target.usedAt.toISOString() : null,
+			used: !!target.usedAt,
+		});
+	}
+
+	@bindThis
+	public packMany(
+		targets: any[],
+		me: { id: User['id'] },
+	) {
+		return Promise.all(targets.map(x => this.pack(x, me)));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ModerationLogEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ModerationLogEntityService.ts
index 7058e38af9..59815d2639 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ModerationLogEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/ModerationLogEntityService.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { ModerationLogsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import { awaitAll } from '@/misc/prelude/await-all.js';
 import type { } from '@/models/entities/Blocking.js';
 import type { ModerationLog } from '@/models/entities/ModerationLog.js';
-import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ModerationLogEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteEntityService.ts
index 32269a4101..546e5f56d2 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteEntityService.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export class NoteEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 	private driveFileEntityService: DriveFileEntityService;
 	private customEmojiService: CustomEmojiService;
 	private reactionService: ReactionService;
-	
+
 	constructor(
 		private moduleRef: ModuleRef,
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export class NoteEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 		this.customEmojiService = this.moduleRef.get('CustomEmojiService');
 		this.reactionService = this.moduleRef.get('ReactionService');
 	}
-	
+
 	@bindThis
 	private async hideNote(packedNote: Packed<'Note'>, meId: User['id'] | null) {
 	// TODO: isVisibleForMe を使うようにしても良さそう(型違うけど)
@@ -106,16 +106,14 @@ export class NoteEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 				hide = false;
 			} else {
 			// フォロワーかどうか
-				const following = await this.followingsRepository.findOneBy({
-					followeeId: packedNote.userId,
-					followerId: meId,
+				const isFollowing = await this.followingsRepository.exist({
+					where: {
+						followeeId: packedNote.userId,
+						followerId: meId,
+					},
 				});
 
-				if (following == null) {
-					hide = true;
-				} else {
-					hide = false;
-				}
+				hide = !isFollowing;
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -457,12 +455,12 @@ export class NoteEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 		const query = this.notesRepository.createQueryBuilder('note')
 			.where('note.userId = :userId', { userId })
 			.andWhere('note.renoteId = :renoteId', { renoteId });
-	
+
 		// 指定した投稿を除く
 		if (excludeNoteId) {
 			query.andWhere('note.id != :excludeNoteId', { excludeNoteId });
 		}
-	
+
 		return await query.getCount();
-	}	
+	}
 }
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteFavoriteEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteFavoriteEntityService.ts
index 8a7727b4cd..badb8fb816 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteFavoriteEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteFavoriteEntityService.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { NoteFavoritesRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { } from '@/models/entities/Blocking.js';
 import type { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import type { NoteFavorite } from '@/models/entities/NoteFavorite.js';
-import { NoteEntityService } from './NoteEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { NoteEntityService } from './NoteEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class NoteFavoriteEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteReactionEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteReactionEntityService.ts
index 8f943ba24c..d454ddb70a 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteReactionEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NoteReactionEntityService.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export class NoteReactionEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 	private userEntityService: UserEntityService;
 	private noteEntityService: NoteEntityService;
 	private reactionService: ReactionService;
-	
+
 	constructor(
 		private moduleRef: ModuleRef,
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NotificationEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NotificationEntityService.ts
index d76b863957..02c6982847 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NotificationEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/NotificationEntityService.ts
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ export class NotificationEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 		meId: User['id'],
 		// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-types
 		options: {
-			
+
 		},
 		hint?: {
 			packedNotes: Map<Note['id'], Packed<'Note'>>;
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageEntityService.ts
index d6da856637..94b26a5017 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageEntityService.ts
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ export class PageEntityService {
 			eyeCatchingImage: page.eyeCatchingImageId ? await this.driveFileEntityService.pack(page.eyeCatchingImageId) : null,
 			attachedFiles: this.driveFileEntityService.packMany((await Promise.all(attachedFiles)).filter((x): x is DriveFile => x != null)),
 			likedCount: page.likedCount,
-			isLiked: meId ? await this.pageLikesRepository.findOneBy({ pageId: page.id, userId: meId }).then(x => x != null) : undefined,
+			isLiked: meId ? await this.pageLikesRepository.exist({ where: { pageId: page.id, userId: meId } }) : undefined,
 		});
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageLikeEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageLikeEntityService.ts
index 3460c1e422..99465d0ea3 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageLikeEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/PageLikeEntityService.ts
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import type { PageLikesRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { } from '@/models/entities/Blocking.js';
 import type { User } from '@/models/entities/User.js';
 import type { PageLike } from '@/models/entities/PageLike.js';
-import { PageEntityService } from './PageEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { PageEntityService } from './PageEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class PageLikeEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/SigninEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/SigninEntityService.ts
index 51fa7543d9..a6c4407ce8 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/SigninEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/SigninEntityService.ts
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { SigninsRepository } from '@/models/index.js';
 import type { } from '@/models/entities/Blocking.js';
 import type { Signin } from '@/models/entities/Signin.js';
-import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
+import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class SigninEntityService {
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/UserEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/UserEntityService.ts
index bfd506ea86..7d248f8524 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/UserEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/UserEntityService.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { Inject, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { In, Not } from 'typeorm';
 import * as Redis from 'ioredis';
-import Ajv from 'ajv';
+import _Ajv from 'ajv';
 import { ModuleRef } from '@nestjs/core';
 import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
 import type { Config } from '@/config.js';
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ type IsMeAndIsUserDetailed<ExpectsMe extends boolean | null, Detailed extends bo
 		Packed<'UserDetailed'> :
 	Packed<'UserLite'>;
 
+const Ajv = _Ajv.default;
 const ajv = new Ajv();
 
 function isLocalUser(user: User): user is LocalUser;
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ export class UserEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 
 		@Inject(DI.pagesRepository)
 		private pagesRepository: PagesRepository,
-		
+
 		@Inject(DI.userMemosRepository)
 		private userMemosRepository: UserMemoRepository,
 
@@ -229,12 +230,14 @@ export class UserEntityService implements OnModuleInit {
 		/*
 		const myAntennas = (await this.antennaService.getAntennas()).filter(a => a.userId === userId);
 
-		const unread = myAntennas.length > 0 ? await this.antennaNotesRepository.findOneBy({
-			antennaId: In(myAntennas.map(x => x.id)),
-			read: false,
-		}) : null;
+		const isUnread = (myAntennas.length > 0 ? await this.antennaNotesRepository.exist({
+			where: {
+				antennaId: In(myAntennas.map(x => x.id)),
+				read: false,
+			},
+		}) : false);
 
-		return unread != null;
+		return isUnread;
 		*/
 		return false; // TODO
 	}